Surgery of the Endocrine System

Question 1

what do chief cells secrete?

Answer 1

PTH

Question 2

what do parafollicular cells secrete?

Answer 2

calcitonin

Question 3

what is the half life of parathyroid hormone?

Answer 3

3-5 minutes

Question 4

what is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 4

benign adenoma 95%

Question 5

which breed is most at risk for primary hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 5

keeshond: genetic test available

Question 6

are pre-op calcium or PTH concentrations for primary hyperparathyroidism predictive of post-op hypocalcemia?

Answer 6

no

Question 7

when is the prognosis of primary hyperparathyroidism excellent?

Answer 7

normal renal function

Question 8

what percentage of canine thyroid tumors are freely moveable and firmly attached?

Answer 8

33% freely moveable
67% firmly attached

Question 9

what percentage of canine thyroid carcinomas aree malignant?

Answer 9

90%

Question 10

what is the median survival time of mobile canine thyroid tumors?

Answer 10

> 3 years

Question 11

what is feline hyperthyroidism usually due to?

Answer 11

functional benign adenomas: 95%

Question 12

what do 10% of hyperthyroid cats present as?

Answer 12

weight loss
lethargy
anorexia
vomiting

Question 13

what can you do with parathyroid tissue during thyroid surgery if you cannot leave it where it is?

Answer 13

can be implanted in surrounding muscle and will survive

Question 14

where is the pancreas?

Answer 14

greater curvature of stomach and duodenum
dorsal leaf of greater omentum and mesoduodenum

Question 15

what blood glucose level stimulates beta cells to secrete insulin?

Answer 15

> 110 mg/dl

Question 16

what is whipple’s triad?

Answer 16

neurologic signs and hypoglycemia
fasting blood glucose <40 mg/dl
relief of neuro signs by feeding/giving glucose

Question 17

what percentage of insulinomas are not palpable?

Answer 17

3-20%

Question 18

what percentage of insulinomas are malignant?

Answer 18

> 90%

Question 19

what is the recurrence rate of insulinomas?

Answer 19

100%

Question 20

what is the perioperative mortality rate of adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism?

Answer 20

10-20%