Van Ijzendoorn Issues And Debates Flashcards
Ethical
No direct contact with participants (didnt need consent etc)
Used meta analysis
Terms of ethics strange situation
Babies upset
Reductionism
Many types of attachment but strange situation ainsworth reduces to three types
Compared to cultures theres more 1.5x within than between
Nature vs nurture
Secure most common = must be universal nature
Nurture plays role in how it goes wrong = some cultural differences change the secure atachment (germany likes independent and japan likes dependent)
Social control
Ainsworth said Mother responsible for attachment type
Van ij could pressure mothers to raise children differently as its changing secure attachment
Psych knowledge in society
Greater variation within than between
Socioeconomic status drives it so daycare should be funded better
Science
Strange situation highly standardised
But overall conclusions subjective
And no control over way original studies were controlled
Practical issues methodology
Meta analysis
Original studies findings could have been altered
Pop validity high
32 studies but 18 from usa and 1 from china
Culture
18 of 32 american
But did gather lots of studies from other cultures
Although china had 1 of 36 children
Biased towards middle class families
Gender issues
Impossible to say as kept children confidential, didnt say whethere they were men or women
Have to assume rough equal split in the 1990 attachments studies
Psych knowledge developed over time
SHows ethnocentric and crocc cultural differences in nature of strange situation test
Led to changes in how attachments were classified
Socially sensitive
Ainsworth maternal sensitivity deciding factor
Reflects badly on some cltures who had higher insecure attachments
E.g. germany = avoidant, but due to cultural differnces in how to raise baby. Labelled german mothers as neglectful
Comparison of ways of measuring
Strang e situation suggests maternal sensitivity vs kagan maternal sensitivty plays role but temperament most influencial
