Cognitive Key Question - dyslexia Flashcards
Dyslexia statistics
Affects, 3 to 6% of children
More prevalent in boys
Difficult in phonology (reading)
Poor short term memory for similar sounding words
What is dyslexia?
a learning difficulty that primarily affects the skills involved in accurate and fluent word reading and spelling in comparison to the persons age. Difficulties in phonological awareness, verbal memory and verbal processing speed.
Indications of dyslexia
Difficulty learning letters, sounds and names
Smith spark et al (2010) what they did
Study dyslexia in adults
matched control with IQ
Did lab tests on working and cognitive flexibility which makes up executive functioning
Findings Smith spark
adults unimpaired spatial memory, impaired verbal working memory compare to non-dyslexic participants, suggesting the results indicate a deficit with the phonological loop
What do Classroom strategies do
Aim to alter strategies to auto teaching and learning environment
What are the classroom strategies?
Clearly state lesson aims, use checklists, simplify instructions, highlight or colour code information, avoid length periods of talking to prevent phonological loop overload
What do Phonics do
Reading strategies to connect sound letter, dyslexia students find hard to recognise full words
Direct interventions are best
N-back test designed to help children with heterary issues
Long-lasting cognitive gains an academic improvements
No computer game, asking where things are
Direct interventions weaknesses
No improvement in control group
No significant differences between age, gender and other variables
Issues, n-back test target stm
Not good transferability as everyone is affected differently
Conclusion
Classroom strategies are better as they have everyone, not just dyslexic people
Dyslexic people is working memory clogged, direct intervention, not transferable so classroom strategies is the way to go
