Autism Flashcards
Autism definition
Developmental disorder that lasts a lifetime of an individual
What are the two symptoms for diagnosis
Social communication difficulties
Repetitive behaviours
Examples of social-emotional reciprocacy deficits
May not use communication to share interests or emotions
Lack back-and-forth everyday communication
Non-verbal communication deficit examples
Use non-verbal signals inappropriately
Facial expressions limited or exaggerated, gestures used in wrong contexts
Mismatch between facial expressions and tone of voice
Examples of developing and maintaining relationships
Lack understanding that other people have minds, have trouble seeing their perspective
Unaware of social norms
Difficulty making friends = lack understanding
Examples of repetitive behaviours
Use language unusually (echolalia)
Physical movements can be repetitive
Use objects over and over again in same way = restricted to change and variations in routine
Examples of routines and rituals
Stick inflexibly to routines
Use verbal rituals
Insisting other people use set pattern
Resistant to change in routines
Examples of unusual reactions to sensory input
Find touch aversive to avoid it
Obsessively interested in movements of objects looking at then for long periods of time
First response to object is to sniff or lick it
Easily distressed by stimuli they’re not used to get
May appear in different to pain
Strength
Frazier et al (2012)
Support ASD symptoms in two categories
ASD confirmed by statistical technique (factor analyses)
DSM-5’s classification is valid because it criteria reflects reality of the disorder’s symptoms
CA of strength
Bad reliability
Taylor et al (2017) 27 clinicians used DSM-5
9 videos, only 3 were agreed on and DSM-5 was unsure of the other 6
Weakness
Frith (2003)
Rejects focus on what people with ASD cannot do, should also look at positives
Focus on weaknesses of people instead of strengths
