Factors affecting obedience individual differences

Question 1

Name the factors affecting obedience individual differences

Answer 1

Personality factors
Gender

Question 2

The personality factors

Answer 2

The authoritarian personality - Adorno et al 1950
Internal and external locus of control - Rotter 1966

Question 3

The authoritarian personality

Answer 3

Harsh parenting causes children to develop authoritarian personality traits
Only given conditional love
Common parenting style in Germany in 20th century
Score low on F-scale

Question 4

Internal and external locus of control

Answer 4

Internal LOC = take responsibility
External LOC = chance
Internals -> more defiant

Question 5

Factors affecting obedience gender

Answer 5

Women more obedient than men
Men more obedient than women
Moral reasoning

Question 6

Women more obedient than men study done by who

Answer 6

Sheridan and King (1972)

Question 7

Women more obedient than men what they did

Answer 7

Participants given orders to give real electric shocks to puppy

Question 8

Women more obedient than men findings

Answer 8

100% female obedient
54% men

Question 9

Men more obedient than women done by who

Answer 9

Killham and Mann (1974)

Question 10

Men more obedient than women procedure

Answer 10

Replicated Milgram’s study in Australia

Question 11

Men more obedient than women findings

Answer 11

40% males
16% females obedient

Question 12

Moral reasoning done by who

Answer 12

Gilligan (1982)

Question 13

Moral reasoning two factors

Answer 13

Ethic of justice
Ethic of care

Question 14

Findings of moral reasoning

Answer 14

Ethic of justice - more common in males, value equality
Ethic of care - more common in women, emphasises relationships, supporting those in need

Question 15

Moral reasoning conclusion

Answer 15

Males more obedient due to feelings of obligation to authority figure
Females less obedient due to desire to support person being harmed

Question 16

Strength of authoritarian personality

Answer 16

Elms and Milgram (1966)
Used F-scale
20 fully and non-fully obedient
Obedient scored higher
Obedience related to authoritarian personality

Question 17

CA of authoritarian personality

Answer 17

Other factors may be involved, not a direct relationship

Question 18

Weakness of LOC

Answer 18

Schurz 1985
Blast student with painful ultrasound
No significant difference to those with external or internal LOC

Question 19

Application of personality factors

Answer 19

Companies follow strict procedures To employ obedient people
HR can use LOC scale

Question 20

Strength of Gilligan

Answer 20

Gilligan and Attanucci found males and females both use ethic in real-life dilemmas
Men overall favour justice, women care
Showing there are gender differences

Question 21

Weakness of gender differences

Answer 21

Blass 1999
9 milgram-style studies found no significant difference of gender in 8 of the studies
Suggests gender does not affect obedience