Multi-store model of memory

Question 1

Sensory register what it is

Answer 1

Encoded from stimuli through senses
Acts as a bugger for sensory input from the five senses using modality specific encoding for this information

Question 2

Sensory register => capacity, encoding, duration, process

Answer 2

Capacity = large
Encoding = depends on sense
Duration = brief
Process = attention

Question 3

STM store what it is

Answer 3

Temporary store for information we pay attention to

Question 4

STM store => capacity, encoding, duration, process

Answer 4

C = limited
E = acoustically
D = 18-30 secs
P = rehearsal

Question 5

LTM what it is

Answer 5

Potentially permanent memory store for material that has been rehearsed

Question 6

Capacity, encoding, duration of LTM

Answer 6

C = practically unlimited
E = semantic
D = unlimited

Question 7

Strength

Answer 7

Baddeley
Mix similar sounding words when using STM
Mix similar meaning words LTM
STM coding is acoustic and semantic is LTM -> different in terms of encoding, capacity, duration supporting that these are independent memory stores

Question 8

Weakness

Answer 8

Shallice and Warrington (1970)
KF STM digits poor when read out loud, but fine when read himself
Could potentially be a short-term store for nonverbal sounds
MSM is not complete (STM can have multiple stores), must be separate visual and auditory stores

Question 9

Application

Answer 9

STM can be increased by chunking
C A R D O G L I T P E N
Remembered
CAR DOG LIT PEN

Question 10

Evidence for duration STM

Answer 10

Peterson and Peterson (1959)
Nonsense consonant trigram

Question 11

Evidence for duration, sensory register

Answer 11

Sperling (1963)
Flashes ray of letters -> can’t remember after two seconds

Question 12

Evidence for capacity long-term memory

Answer 12

Brady et al (2008)
2500 objects shown over 5.5 hours

Question 13

Evidence for capacity, short-term memory

Answer 13

Miller (1956)
7 +- 2 items
Jacobs (188) digit span

Question 14

Duration long-term memory

Answer 14

Bahrick et al (1975)
Show is 400 people pictures asked to identify names from high school year book
Remained accurate for up to 28 years, supporting LTM can store information indefinitely

Question 15

Evidence against STM processing

Answer 15

Baddeley and Hitch (1974)
Working memory model -> suggested STM has multiple ways of processing information into LTM = visio spatial sketchpad, phonological loop for auditory, and more

Question 16

Evidence against LTM store

Answer 16

Tuvling (1972)
Explanation of LTm having multiple store s-> episodic and semantic