Unit 7 Lesson 3: China and the Korean War Flashcards
When did communism start in China
Communism first got its start in China in 1921 with the formation of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in Shangha
What happened adter the creation of the first republic of China. 1927 what was the “White Terror.”
In 1927, however, the Nationalists turned on the CCP and worked to purge them from their ranks through what is now known as the “White Terror.”
At the time, warlords still controlled many parts of China. How CCP try to unify the country
t the time, warlords still controlled many parts of China. In an attempt to unify the country, the CCP and the Nationalist Party worked together as part of the First United Front from 1926 to 1927. This established the first Republic of China.
Despite their shaky past, the Nationalist Party and the CCP once again came together. What did they do together this time
This time they formed the Second United Front to deal with the growing Japanese threat in Manchuria. However, the alliance quickly fell apart. Both sides resolved to fight each other as well as the Japanese
What was CCP doing during WWII
Meanwhile, the conflict of World War II escalated. During this time, the CCP continued to gain support among Chinese peasants, largely for the party’s land reform efforts and its role in fighting Japanese forces.
What did theSoveit union do for the CCP
In 1945, the Soviet Union occupied Manchuria before the end of the war and did not vacate until the region was firmly in CCP hands.
By 1946 the CCP and the Nationalists were in the midst of a full-fledged civil war. How did this go
Despite the fact that the Nationalists controlled more major cities than the CCP, years of corruption had destroyed Nationalist popular support. Meanwhile, grassroots backing from the peasant class and a stockpile of Japanese weapons contributed to a CCP victory.
who backed CCP’s Mao Zedong and who backed up the Nationalist Party led by Chiang Kai. How did this meeting go
Later that year, the Soviet-backed CCP led by Mao Zedong and the American-backed Nationalist Party led by Chiang Kai-shek met to discuss the formation of a postwar Chinese government. Agreements between the two parties quickly dissolved.
What happened On October 1, 1949 in China
On October 1, 1949, Mao Zedong announced that the Chinese Communists had defeated their Nationalist foes. He established the People’s Republic of China.
What happened to the nationlist forces after communsim won
The Nationalist forces, under their leader Chiang Kai-shek, left for Taiwan in December 1949.
The Soviet Union had been granted control of the northern half of the Korean Peninsula at the end of World War II. The United States had control of the southern portion. How did the Soveit union feel about communism in both Koreas
The Soviet Union displayed little interest in extending its power into South Korea, and Joseph Stalin did not wish to risk confrontation with the United States over Korea.
North Korea’s leaders, however, wished to reunify the peninsula under communist rule. How did the Soveit Union respond to this
In April 1950, Stalin finally gave permission to North Korea’s leader, Kim Il Sung, to invade South Korea. He provided the North Koreans with weapons and military advisers.
How did the UN react to the news of the Koeran war
On June 27, the United Nations Security Council denounced North Korea’s actions and called on UN members to help South Korea.
Why oculdnt the Soveit Union to anything about what the UN Security council was going
As a permanent member of the Security Council, the Soviet Union could have vetoed the action. However, its officials had boycotted UN meetings to protest the awarding of China’s seat on the Security Council to Taiwan.
Korea was not the only area where the United States wanted to stop the spread of communism. What was happneing in Indochina? Whos Ho Chi Minh
In Indochina, there were other nationalist independence movements. Notably, Vietnam’s Viet Minh, under the leadership of Ho Chi Minh, had strong communist sympathies.
How did Truman respond to Vietnam and commusinsm
President Truman had no love for France’s colonial regime in Southeast Asia. He did not, however, want to risk the loyalty of an important European ally. So Truman sent a small advisory group to Vietnam and provided financial aid to help France defeat the Viet Minh.
What happened when Truman sent a small advisory group to Vietnam and provided financial aid to help France defeat the Viet Minh
In 1954, Vietnamese forces defeated the French, leaving the country temporarily divided at the 17th parallel
When did Truman order U.S. military forces into South Korea
On June 27, 1950, President Truman ordered U.S. military forces into South Korea. They established a defensive line on the far southern part of the Korean Peninsula near the town of Pusan.
What made North Korean forces move back across the 38th parallel
. A U.S.-led invasion at Port Inchon on September 15 halted the North Korean advance and turned it into a retreat. As North Korean forces moved back across the 38th parallel, UN troops under the command of U.S. general Douglas MacArthur followed.
What was MacArthur’s goalin North Korea
MacArthur’s goal was not only to drive the North Korean army out of South Korea but to destroy communist North Korea as well. At this stage, he had the support of President Truman.
. However, as UN forces approached the border between China and North Korea, MacArthur’s and Truman’s objectives diverged. What happned that made them divded
Chinese premier Zhou Enlai, who had provided supplies and military advisers for North Korea before the conflict began, sent troops into battle to support North Korea. This caught UN forces by surprise. After a costly retreat, followed by a swift advance of Chinese and North Korean armies invading Seoul, MacArthur urged Truman to change course. He asked the administration to deploy nuclear weapons against China.
Truman, however, did not want to risk a broader war in Asia. MacArthur criticized Truman’s decision in a letter to a Republican congressman, who ultimately made the letter public. In April 1951, Truman accused MacArthur of insubordination and relieved him of his command.
By July 1951, UN forces had recovered from the setbacks earlier in the year and pushed North Korean and Chinese troops back across the 38th parallel. Peace talks finally began, but combat raged on for more than two years. What was the primary disagreement
The primary disagreement was postwar determination of the prisoners of war. The Chinese and North Koreans insisted that their soldiers be returned to them, but many of these men did not wish to be repatriated.
An armistice agreement was signed on July 27, 1953. What idd this armistice do or say
An armistice agreement was signed on July 27, 1953, and North and South Korea agreed on a new border, close to the original 38th parallel line. The two nations also established a demilitarized zone (DMZ) between them. At last both sides agreed that prisoners of war would be allowed to choose whether to return to their homelands or not.
Legacy of the Korean War
Though the Korean War ultimately resulted in a stalemate, the United States and its allies succeeded in containing communism to its prewar borders and prevented its spread into South Korea. The Korean Peninsula remains divided between the communist Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the democratic South Korea to this day.
What are two factors that contributed to communism in China?
Communism in China gained grassroots popularity due to the Chinese Communist Party’s land reform efforts. Chinese communists also had many weapons taken from the Japanese that helped them fight a civil war against the Nationalist Party.
What role did U.S. containment strategy play in Asia? What event first put containment to the test?
The United States tried to contain communism in Asia by supporting anti-communist leaders and providing advisers to nations threatened by larger communist neighbors. The invasion of South Korea by communists, via North Korea, led the United States to participate heavily in UN military intervention through the containment policy, which put the U.S. strategy to the test.
What was the Port Inchon landing, and why was it significant?
The Port Inchon landing was a U.S.-led invasion on September 15, 1950, that turned the North Korean advance into a retreat. The North Korean retreat made it possible for UN forces under General Douglas MacArthur to pursue the communists past the 38th parallel.
How did the Korean War end? Describe one impact of the conflict.
The Korean War ended in a stalemate with a demilitarized zone (DMZ) being established between North and South Korea. Neither country made territorial gains, and some five million people lost their lives. One impact of the conflict is that North Korea remains under communist control.
