Unit 12 Lesson 5: Moral Diplomacy and Dollar Diplomacy Flashcards
When did Willaim Howard Taft become president
William Howard Taft became president in 1909.
Were Tafts and Roosvelts foregin polices similar
His foreign policies differed from Roosevelt’s.
What are the ideas behind the dollar diplomacy
He pushed other countries into agreements that favored the U.S. He also urged private investors in foreign nations to promote America’s diplomatic goals and business interests.
Instead of militray force what did Taft rely on
Instead of military force, he often relied on the country’s growing economic power.
“substitute dollars for bullets” What does this reflect
dollar diplomacy. Taft decided to “substitute dollars for bullets” to secure markets and opportunities for American businesses.
Taft’s administration used a variety of economic tactics to achieve its foreign policy goals:
. It encouraged investment in foreign markets where the U.S. had strategic interests. Doing so helped keep European competitors from establishing themselves in those markets. Taft supported free trade in China. He also used the U.S. government’s ability to loan money as a way to influence other countries.
When did Taft use military intervention
However, when dollar diplomacy failed and U.S. business interests abroad were threatened, Taft’s administration quickly turned to military intervention.
How was Taft’s dollar diplomacy similar to Roosevelt’s big stick diplomacy? How was it different?
Both Taft and Roosevelt used the threat of U.S. power to pursue foreign policy goals. Taft favored using U.S. economic power, whereas Roosevelt relied on U.S. military power. However, when dollar diplomacy failed and U.S. business interests abroad were threatened, Taft, like Roosevelt, quickly turned to military intervention.
Under President Theodore Roosevelt, Taft had served as the first provisional governor Cuba. What did this let him know
This experience gave him some degree of insight into the operations of Latin American countries. When Taft took office, he was already aware of the debt that several Latin American nations owed to various European countries.
Why did the debt that several Latin American nations owed to various European countries concern Taft
He feared that European countries might use those debts to justify using military force to claim territory in the Western Hemisphere.
What was Taft’s repsonse to LAtin American debt
In an effort to protect American interests in the Western Hemisphere, Taft moved quickly to pay off these debts with U.S. dollars.
Taft paying off LAtin American debt meant that
This, in turn, indebted many Latin American countries to the United States.
Some of those countries did not appreciate this arrangement. What happen when Latin American nations refused to let Taft pay there debts
When Latin American nations resisted Taft’s plan, he often used military force to assert U.S. control.
What happen when Nicaragua refused America’s offer to pay off its debt to Great Britain
Taft sent warships and marines to install a government more friendly to U.S. interests. U.S. forces occupied Nicaragua in 1912, and maintained a troop presence there until 1933.
Mexico considered giving a Japanese corporation land and economic advantages How did taft resposnd
Taft urged Congress to pass an extension of the Roosevelt Corollary called the Lodge Corollary
Whats the Lodge Corollary
It stated that the U.S. would prevent any non-American foreign corporations from acquiring land in the Western Hemisphere.
Mexico considered giving a Japanese corporation land and economic advantages; how did this end
At the threat of U.S. intervention, the Japanese corporation withdrew.
Why did Taft pay off debts Latin American countries owed to European countries?
to prevent European countries from using debt collection as a reason to seize control of land in the Western Hemisphere
What was the purpose of the Lodge Corollary?
to prevent foreign corporations from acquiring land in the Western Hemisphere
Before Taft became president, he had gained diplomatic experience in Asia. How was that; what roles did he have
Under President Roosevelt, he served as governor-general of the Philippines. He later became Roosevelt’s secretary of war. In that role, he had negotiated with Japan to protect U.S. interests in Asia after Japan defeated Russia in the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905).
As president, Taft constructed policies regarding Asia that were similar to Roosevelt’s. How did Taft veiw China and Jpan
He sought an equal balance of regional power between China and Japan.
Taft sought an equal balance of regional power between China and Japan. How did he reach this goal
To reach this goal, he helped China resist Japanese influence in its affairs. He also arranged financing for China’s budding railroad industry.
The Chinese region of Manchuria complicated Taft’s negotiations. Why?
Known for its rich natural resources, China, Japan, and Russia had long competed for control of Manchuria. When Taft tried to expand the Open Door policy into Manchuria, relations with Japan and Russia immediately deteriorated.
What did Japan’s and Russia’s response to Taft wanting to expand the Open Door policy into Manchuria show
When Taft tried to expand the Open Door policy into Manchuria, relations with Japan and Russia immediately deteriorated. This revealed the limits of U.S. influence and its skill at diplomacy.
Why did Taft reorganize the U.S. departmeent
In repsonse to the Msnchuria stuff
As a result, Taft reorganized the U.S. State Department what did this do
As a result, Taft reorganized the U.S. State Department, creating geographical divisions for the Far East, Latin America, and Western Europe. He hoped that diplomats focused on a specific region could develop a better understanding of the societies in that part of the world.
How would the U.S. State Department help US in making foregin policy
Such insight would help them negotiate more effectively and allow the U.S. to develop better, more specialized foreign policy for each region.
How was creating regionally-focused divisions within the State Department intended to improve U.S. diplomacy?
Creating regionally-focused divisions would allow U.S. diplomats to become more knowledgeable about the cultures and societies of a particular region. This would help them to negotiate more effectively with the people of that region. It would also allow the U.S. to develop more specialized foreign policy for each region.
Although Taft avoided using military force, his policies did cause problems for the U.S., both at the time and for future administrations. What infleucne would the paying off the debts in Latin America and forcing loans have
The debts the U.S. had absorbed in Latin America would create economic concerns for decades to come. Forcing loans on those countries also created resentment, fueling nationalist movements opposed to U.S. interference.
What effect did Tafts meddling with Asia have
In Asia, Taft’s efforts to mediate between China and Japan only increased tensions between Japan and the United States. Furthermore, he did not succeed in creating a balance of power in the region. Instead, Japan asserted its influence even more forcefully throughout the region.
As Taft’s presidency ended in early 1913, the U.S. was set firmly on a path toward empire. Wjat was the result of his presdienct
The world now saw the U.S. as the dominant power of the Western Hemisphere. The United States had also clearly indicated its intention to get involved in Asia, although it was still trying to find the best approach. The development of an American empire brought with it several innovations to American foreign policy. The U.S. now used a mix of military intervention, economic coercion, and sometimes the mere threat of force to pursue its interests abroad.
How did Taft’s foreign diplomacy undermine U.S. relations with Japan?
It increased tensions between the U.S. and Japan. It also inadvertently encouraged Japan to assert its influence in Asia more strongly than before.
