Unit 10 Lesson 1: The Progressive Movement

Question 1

During the Progressive Era, Americans were on a course to change the nation. Elaborate what policy did they belive in

Answer 1

. Activists were united by a rejection of the laissez-faire attitude of the Gilded Age. Laissez-faire, a policy that government should interfere as little as possible in the nation’s economy, had been cast aside in favor of the belief that the government should intervene to provide fair opportunities for all.

Question 2

Who were progerssive refomers

Answer 2

. While reformers were predominantly middle class, educated, and white, there were Progressives in both parties and among different groups. Women, people of color, religious leaders, politicians, and journalists were all active in the Progressive movement. Each group sought to make the government more responsive to the needs of citizens.

Question 2

What was the population like 1870-1900

Answer 2

The American population almost doubled between 1870 and 1900.

Question 2

What is progressivism

Answer 2

Progressivism was a political and social movement intended to address the problems caused by the rapid growth of cities and industries.

Question 2

What led to huge econmoic growth

Answer 2

New technology and new markets led to huge economic growth.

Question 3

How was life starting to change

Answer 3

People were moving from rural areas to work in factories in large cities. Small-scale manufacturing was replaced by large national corporations.

Question 4

How much did manufactoruing grow between 1863 and 1899

Answer 4

Between 1863 and 1899, manufacturing grew by more than eight hundred percent.

Question 5

What did the rapid expanision of industries led to and how did it make progressives feel

Answer 5

The rapid expansion of industries, the growing population, and the move to cities led to a number of social problems. Progressives were determined to find solutions to the ills that faced the nation.

Question 6

Progressivism attempted to reform a number of areas:

Answer 6

• poverty
• women’s suffrage
• government corruption
• unsafe working conditions
• unsanitary living conditions
• unfair labor and business practices
• racial discrimination and violence

Question 7

What was progressivism?

Answer 7

Progressivism was a political and social movement that attempted to solve the problems caused by the rapid growth of industry and cities.

Question 8

What problems did progressivism try to solve?

Answer 8

Progressives tried to solve issues associated with poverty, racial discrimination, women’s rights, government corruption, unfair and unsafe labor conditions, and unsanitary living conditions in cities.

Question 9

Reformers were found in all aspects of American life, including churches. Elaborate what was social gospel

Answer 9

A religious movement called the social gospel applied Christian values and activism to social problems.

Question 10

Who was influence by the social gospel

Answer 10

Middle-class reformers were strongly influenced by the movement.

Question 11

How did the social gospel infleunce politicts

Answer 11

A growing group of ministers began to become politically active, preaching that Christian values and activism could overcome issues like poverty and unfair labor practices.

Question 12

What was women role in socail gospel

Answer 12

Women became increasingly active in church groups focused on progressive goals.

Question 13

What did preachers like Washington Gladden support

Answer 13

Preachers like Washington Gladden supported progressive ideas like the right to strike.

Question 14

Who was Washington Gladden

Answer 14

Gladden even served on the city council for Columbus, Ohio. He was a vocal supporter of unionizing workers. He spoke about his beliefs and wrote articles for religious publications.

Question 15

What did relgious reforms support

Answer 15

Religious reformers also supported the temperance movement and an end to child labor.

Question 16

REakigous leaders urged tha passge of what laws

Answer 16

Religious leaders urged the passage of temperance laws to limit alcohol consumption and laws to protect children from unfair labor practices.

Question 17

How did religous reform movement spread to cities

Answer 17

The religious reform movement spread to cities. Groups like the Young Men’s Christian Association organized to address issues faced by youth in cities.

Question 18

Who was Dwight Lyman Moody

Answer 18

Former shoe salesman-turned-preacher, Dwight Lyman Moody, held large revivals that attracted huge crowds. Moody was charismatic and passionate. He did his best to offer salvation to the poor living in Chicago’s slums. He believed that sharing the gospel of Jesus was the best way to improve the lives of the working poor.

Question 19

What was the social gospel?

Answer 19

The social gospel was a religious movement that applied Christian principles to social issues like poverty.

Question 20

What progressive ideals did reform-minded preachers support?

Answer 20

Progressive preachers supported labor’s right to strike, the temperance movement, and an end to child labor.

Question 21

What was teh gilded age all about

Answer 21

The Gilded Age was marked by a rise in fortunes for factory owners. It also led to record poverty for most American workers. The wealthy and powerful preyed on the poor and weak. Poor workers worked long hours in dangerous conditions.

Question 22

Many of the issues created in the Gilded Age were exposed in articles and books written by

Answer 22

muckrakers

Question 23

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What does muckraker mean

Answer 23

Muckraker was a term for investigative journalists of the time.

Question 24

What did muckrakers write about

Answer 24

They wrote about issues like unsanitary and unsafe conditions in factories and mills. These journalists brought the plight of workers, violence against African Americans, and corruption in politics to the attention of the American public.

Question 25

Which era did prominet muckrakers show up

Answer 25

The Progressive Era produced a number of prominent muckrakers

Question 26

Who was Ida Tarbell, waht was her impact

Answer 26

Ida Tarbell was an investigative journalist known for her work exposing the unfair business practices of the Standard Oil Company.

Question 27

Who was Jacob Riis, what was his impact

Answer 27

Jacob Riis revealed the harsh reality of life in New York’s slums through photographs in his book How the Other Half Lives.

Question 28

What was Lincoln Steffens knwon for

Answer 28

Lincoln Steffens was an investigative journalist known for his work uncovering political corruption.

Question 29

What was “The shame of the Cities”

Answer 29

Limcoln Steffens wrote a series of articles called The Shame of the Cities. The articles uncovered unethical political practices in major American cities. Steffens wrote about corrupt dealings between big business owners and political leaders.

Question 30

Who was Upyon Sinclair

Answer 30

Upton Sinclair was an American writer known for his novel The Jungle. His book highlighted unsanitary and unsafe conditions in the meatpacking industry.

Question 31

What impact did muckrakers have

Answer 31

Muckrakers brought these and many other issues into the public eye, and Americans began to demand change.

Question 32

What are intellectuals

Answer 32

Writers and leaders who influenced their cultures were also known as intellectuals. They studied and reflected on the problems of the time and provided ideas and actions for improving them.

Question 33

What are examples of intellectuals

Answer 33

People such as Jacob Riis, Upton Sinclair, and W. E. B. Du Bois fit into this category.

Question 34

Most reform began at the grassroots level, what does that mean

Answer 34

Most reform began at the grassroots level, or with the people.

Question 35

Why was Jacob Riis’s book How the Other Half Lives important?

Answer 35

Riis’s book was important because it used photographs and words to show how bad conditions were in New York’s slums. It brought to light the struggles of the urban poor.

Question 36

What does grassroots reform mean?

Answer 36

Grassroots reform means that reform begins with the people.

Question 37

What does P.I.E stand for

Answer 37

• P - Persuade: The author pushes a certain opinion or calls readers to some action. Examples: newspaper editorials and advertisements
• I - Inform: The author is writing to share facts about a topic. Examples: encyclopedias, maps, timelines, some news reports, and research articles
• E - Entertain: The author intends to amuse or entertain readers. Examples: fictional stories, comics, and some poems