Unit 12 Lesson 4: President Theodore Roosevelt

Question 1

What was the overview of President Mckinleys precident\cy

Answer 1

President McKinley ushered in the era of the American empire using military strength and economic pressure.

Question 2

What are the beliefs behind this big stick policy

Answer 2

Roosevelt was convinced that the use of force to achieve foreign policy goals was unnecessary. In the wake of America’s recent military successes, Roosevelt believed that the simple threat of military force was enough. He felt that America’s foreign policy goals were also in the best interests of the rest of the hemisphere. He felt the United States had the right and duty to be the police force of the Americas.

Question 2

What was the overview of President Theodore Roosevelt presidency; what policy did he use

Answer 2

Theodore Roosevelt, established a new foreign policy approach called big stick diplomacy

Question 3

What was Roosvelts point in beulding the Canal

Answer 3

. He mainly intended for the canal to enable the U.S. Navy to operate more effectively in both the Atlantic and Pacific, but it would also facilitate international trade.

Question 3

What is the quote of the big stick ploicy

Answer 3

This belief, and his strategy of “speaking softly and carrying a big stick,” shaped much of Roosevelt’s foreign policy.

Question 3

What was the first thing Roosvelt wanted to do as president

Answer 3

Upon becoming president in 1901, Roosevelt was determined to connect the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Roosevelt sought to achieve the construction of a canal across Central America.

Question 4

Where did Roosvelt want to canal and how was this a problem

Answer 4

The most strategic location for a canal was across the Isthmus of Panama. However, this land was part of the nation of Colombia at the time.

Question 5

How did Roosvelt convine Colmiba to give them Panma

Answer 5

oosevelt negotiated with the government of Colombia using his big stick philosophy. He threatened to take the project away from Colombia and build through Nicaragua instead. Colombia eventually agreed to a treaty that granted the U.S. a lease on the land across the Isthmus of Panama.

Question 6

What was the deal Colombia made iwth US

Answer 6

In exchange for the land, Colombia received a one-time payment of $10 million. The U.S. also agreed to pay Colombia an additional $250,000 annual rental fee.

Question 7

How did Colobiam people feel about the Panma deal and how did it effect Colobias chocie that was orginally in favor of the deal

Answer 7

The Colombian people were outraged over this deal to surrender their land to the U.S. Influenced by the public outcry, the Colombian Senate rejected the treaty.

Question 8

What was US response to Colobia rejecting there deal

Answer 8

Upon hearing the treaty had been rejected, Roosevelt urged the people of the Isthmus of Panama to revolt against Colombia for their freedom. The Panama Revolution established Panama’s independence, and the U.S. immediately recognized the new nation.

Question 9

When did the constuction of the canal begin

Answer 9

Construction of the canal began in May of 1904, after the U.S. struck a deal with Panama.

Question 10

Roosvelt was the first US president to

Answer 10

Excited by the work, Roosevelt became the first sitting U.S. president to conduct an official international trip. He traveled to Panama, where he visited the construction site, even taking a turn at using a steam shovel to remove dirt.

Question 11

When was the Panama Canal created

Answer 11

Over the next ten years, the Panama Canal was constructed across the Isthmus of Panama, connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The canal officially opened in 1914, changing world trade and military defense patterns forever.

Question 12

What was the basic principle of Roosevelt’s big stick diplomacy?

Answer 12

Theodore Roosevelt felt that American military successes meant that military force was not needed to realize U.S. foreign policy goals. Rather, the threat of military force was all that was needed to be successful in foreign policy.

Question 13

Why was the Panama Canal important?

Answer 13

The Panama Canal was important because it connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The U.S. wanted the canal for military and economic reasons. Ships in the Atlantic had previously had to go all the way around South America to get to the Pacific Ocean. Goods being shipped between the East and West Coasts of the U.S. could be shipped more quickly through the Panama Canal. The canal would also allow the U.S. Navy to move more efficiently in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

Question 14

As the construction of the Panama Canal began, Roosevelt wanted to send a clear message to the rest of the world. What was this message and what was the premise of the Roosvelt corollary

Answer 14

. He especially wanted to get the attention of European nations to establish the U.S. as a world power. Roosevelt wanted the world to know that European colonization of the Western Hemisphere was over. Interference from European nations would no longer be tolerated. This also signified to Latin American countries that the U.S. would intervene in the region if peace and stability were threatened.

Question 15

What was the Roosvelt corollary all bout. (speech, 1904) congress

Answer 15

. He especially wanted to get the attention of European nations to establish the U.S. as a world power. Roosevelt wanted the world to know that European colonization of the Western Hemisphere was over. Interference from European nations would no longer be tolerated. This also signified to Latin American countries that the U.S. would intervene in the region if peace and stability were threatened.

Question 16

The Roosevelt Corollary was based on

Answer 16

the original Monroe Doctrine of the early nineteenth century.

Question 17

What was the Monroe Doctrine

Answer 17

The Monroe Doctrine warned European nations of the consequences of interference in the Western Hemisphere.

Question 18

What did Roosvelt add to in the Monroe Doctrine

Answer 18

In Roosevelt’s addition, he stated that the U.S. would use military force to police any Latin American nation that might threaten stability in the region.

Question 19

What right did the Roosvelt Corollary give America

Answer 19

The Roosevelt Corollary proclaimed the right and duty of the U.S. to involve itself whenever necessary.

Question 20

How did Roosvelt start using the corollary

Answer 20

Roosevelt soon began to put the new corollary to work by establishing protectorates over Cuba and Panama. He also directed the U.S. to manage the Dominican Republic’s finances.

Question 21

How did the corollary make people feel

Answer 21

Neighboring countries grew to resent American intervention. European nations were also concerned about growing U.S. power. Knowledge of Roosevelt’s aggressive tactics to acquire the Panama Canal from Colombia left many afraid to resist.

Question 22

What was the Roosevelt Corollary?

Answer 22

The Roosevelt Corollary was a speech in which Roosevelt stated that European intervention in the Western Hemisphere was over. It let Latin American countries know that the U.S. would intervene to maintain peace and stability in the region.

Question 23

How was the Monroe Doctrine important to the Roosevelt Corollary?

Answer 23

Early in the 19th century, the Monroe Doctrine warned European nations that there were consequences for interfering in the Western Hemisphere. The Roosevelt Corollary expanded on the Monroe Doctrine to state that the U.S. planned to police the region.

Question 24

Roosevelt supported the Open Door policy in China, but what worried him

Answer 24

However, he worried that the U.S. lacked the strong military presence needed to enforce the policy.

Question 25

Why was military presence near China important

Answer 25

. Without a military presence there, he could not as easily use his big stick threats to achieve his foreign policy goals.

Question 26

What did Roosevlt do when conflicts arose on the other side of the Pacific

Answer 26

When conflicts did arise on the other side of the Pacific, Roosevelt adopted a policy of maintaining an equal balance of power among the nations there.

Question 27

What was the Russo-Japanese War of 1904

Answer 27

In 1904, Russian troops built up along the Manchurian border in northeastern China. In response, Japan launched a surprise naval attack on the Russian fleet at Port Arthur (now called Lüshun Port) in China.

Question 28

Initially, Roosevelt supported the Japanese position. Why did he stop?

Answer 28

. But in 1905, the Japanese fleet won a decisive victory against the Russian fleet at the Battle of Tsushima. Roosevelt grew concerned about the growth of Japanese influence in the region. If Japan became too powerful in the region, it would become a threat to Chinese and American access to regional markets.

Question 29

How did Roosevelt bring preace between Japan and Russia

Answer 29

That year, Roosevelt hosted a secret peace conference between Russia and Japan in Portsmouth, New Hampshire.

Question 30

What was the result of the negotions from the Japn vs russia war

Answer 30

As a result of these negotiations, peace was secured in the region and Japan gained control over Korea. In addition, Japan gained several former Russian bases in Manchuria, as well as the southern half of Sakhalin Island.

Question 31

What did Roosevelt recive becuase of bringing peace to Japn and Russia

Answer 31

Roosevelt was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his work on the negotiations. He was the first American to receive the award.

Question 32

In 1906 and 1907, however, Japan forced American business interests out of Manchuria. What was Roosevelt’s resposne

Answer 32

Roosevelt decided to respond using big stick foreign policy, even though Asia was far away. He sent the U.S. Navy’s Great White Fleet to cruise the western Pacific Ocean as a show of force from late 1907 through early 1909. Publicly, the cruise was called a goodwill tour, but the message it sent to the Japanese government was clear

Question 33

What did Roosevelts response to , Japan forced American business interests out of Manchuria; show

Answer 33

It showed that the U.S. was capable of propelling military power into Asia, and willing to do so if challenged.

Question 34

How did Roosvelt use thebig stick policy to achive there goals in asia

Answer 34

Later negotiations reinforced the Open Door policy throughout China and the rest of Asia. By using both America’s military force and his strategy of maintaining a balance of power, Roosevelt was able to achieve most U.S. key foreign policy goals in Asia.

Question 35

Why did Theodore Roosevelt intervene in the Russo-Japanese War?

Answer 35

Roosevelt wanted to maintain a balance of power in Asia to protect U.S. economic interests in the area. When war broke out between Japan and Russia, Roosevelt wanted to curb Japanese influence in the region.

Question 36

How did Americans feel about Japanese immigrants

Answer 36

As the nation expanded overseas, many Japanese citizens emigrated to the U.S. The influx of immigrants led to a rise in discrimination against Asians living in America.

Question 37

Why were Californias scared for Japense immigrants

Answer 37

Americans were especially fearful of immigrants from Japan, particularly in California. Californians feared that the growing arrival of Japanese laborers would cause competition for American workers and farmers.

Question 38

What laws did the city of San Fraancisco start implemting in repsosne to the influx of japnese immigrats

Answer 38

In response, the city of San Francisco established discriminatory laws targeting Japanese immigrants. In 1906, the city’s Japanese children were enrolled in a segregated school.

Question 39

How did the Japnese governemnt react to how there people werew being tratrd in America

Answer 39

Such treatment reminded the Japanese government of the discrimination Chinese immigrants to the U.S. had faced during the 1880s.

Question 40

What did Roosvelt do to clam tensions between the japense government and americans

Answer 40

To calm tensions, Theodore Roosevelt negotiated an agreement with the Japanese government called the Gentlemen’s Agreement.

Question 41

What was the Gentlemen’s Agreement

Answer 41

The agreement prohibited Japanese laborers from coming to America for work. The Japanese government agreed to instead limit visas to students, travelers, and businessmen. In return, the U.S. agreed to stop passing laws that discriminated against Japanese immigrants.

Question 42

How did Theodore Roosevelt gain access to the land to build the Panama Canal?

Answer 42

The people of Colombia were unhappy with the terms agreed upon to build the Panama Canal, so the agreement fell through. In response, Roosevelt encouraged the people of the Isthmus of Panama to revolt to gain their independence. When Panama declared its independence, the U.S. immediately recognized the new nation and Roosevelt received the support to build the canal.

Question 43

Why was the Roosevelt Corollary important?

Answer 43

The Roosevelt Corollary was an important addition to the Monroe Doctrine because it sent a message to European and Latin American nations. It stated that the U.S. would not tolerate European interference in the region and that the U.S. would police the area to maintain stability.

Question 44

How did Roosevelt impact that Russo-Japanese War?

Answer 44

In order to maintain a balance of power in Asia, Roosevelt took steps to end the war between Russia and Japan. He invited the leaders of the two countries to take part in a secret peace negotiation in Portsmouth, New Hampshire that ended the conflict.