Unit 6 Lesson 6: Immigrants and Minorites in the West

Question 1

When did Reconstruction officaly end

Answer 1

Reconstruction officially ended in the South in 1877

Question 2

What convinced amny African Americans in the South to move West

Answer 2

The few legal protections for African Americans that were enforced by these governments immediately went away, allowing state governments to pass unfair laws known as Black Codes. This, and the actions of organizations such as the Ku Klux Klan, convinced many African Americans that they would never be able to achieve legal and economic equality in the states of the former Confederacy. For them, the answer was to move west.

Question 3

Who encoruageed African Americans to move West

Answer 3

Benjamin “Pap” Singleton

Question 4

What did African Americans do in the West

Answer 4

African Americans with the means to do so packed up what they had and moved west, claiming land under the Homestead Act.

Question 5

What was Singleton responsible for

Answer 5

t. Pap Singleton was responsible for moving several hundred African Americans from Tennessee to a colony he established in Kansas.

Question 6

Descrbe the mvoement of Africa Americans between 1879-1880

Answer 6

Between 1879–1880, more than 25,000 African Americans left the South to live in areas west of the Mississippi River

Question 7

Who were Exodusters

Answer 7

These migrants were known as Exodusters, referencing the flight from Egypt described in the biblical book of Exodus

Question 8

The word dust is part of the word Exoduster. What do you think that part of the word is referencing?

Answer 8

The dust part of the word Exoduster likely references the dusty soil of the Great Plains.

Question 9

While the majority of African American migrants who moved to the West worked as ..

Answer 9

farmers

Question 10

12,000 males (African American) worked as

Answer 10

cowboys during the Texas cattle drives.

Question 11

Who were Buffalo Soliders

Answer 11

Other men, especially those who were Union soldiers during the Civil War, served with the Army in the Indian Wars.

Question 12

Why were Buffalo Soliders called that

Answer 12

These Buffalo Soldiers, named by the Native Americans who thought their black, curly hair looked like that of the bison

Question 13

How were Buffalo Soliders organized

Answer 13

were organized into six all-black military units.

Question 14

Why did Buffalo Soliders take part in few batters? what was there main duty

Answer 14

They took part in a few battles, but their main duties were to protect westward settlers from American Indian attacks and to help build infrastructure that supported migration.

Question 15

What happened to the Buffalo soilders

Answer 15

Some Buffalo Soldiers even earned the Medal of Honor. The Buffalo Soldier units continued until the Army integrated all of its units following World War II.

Question 16

Unfortunately, the West did not always provide the equality that the Exodusters and Buffalo Soldiers hoped to find. Elborate

Answer 16

Racial discrimination still existed in the West, and many white settlers feared that African American migrants would cost them their jobs.

Question 17

Why wasnt all-black settlements such as the ones founded by Pap Singleton the soluciton

Answer 17

. Even all-black settlements such as the ones founded by Pap Singleton were not sufficient. They were originally designed to support a population of a few hundred, so these communities were not able to support the thousands that came with little or no money.

Question 18

What were some of the main reasons for African Americans to migrate westward?

Answer 18

Many fled persecution and discrimination in the South, but others were looking for economic opportunities or adventure.

Question 19

Describe the growth of Chinese immigrants in America

Answer 19

Immigrants from China first began to arrive in the United States in the early 1800s, but they didn’t come in large numbers. By 1849, there were only about 650 Chinese immigrants living in the U.S. By 1880, the number of Chinese immigrants jumped to more than 300,000.

Question 20

How did the gold rush affect Chinese immigrantion

Answer 20

The news of the California gold discovery caused the number to swell. Chinese immigrants arrived hoping to strike it rich and move back to China. Very few people did move back, and most didn’t have enough money to return to China

Question 21

What made up the majority of Chinese immigrants

Answer 21

Most of the new immigrants lived in California, and more than 95 percent of them were male. This ratio was increased by the passage of a law in 1875 that made it difficult for Chinese wives to join their husbands in the United States. Other laws made it illegal for people of different races to get married.

Question 22

How did a law from 1790 affect Chinese migrants

Answer 22

A law from 1790 prevented Chinese people from becoming citizens, which meant they were denied certain legal protections.

Question 23

How did the new califronia consitution affect Chinese people

Answer 23

. A new California constitution in 1879 stipulated that a person of Chinese descent was not allowed to vote or be employed by the state.

Question 24

What was the Chinese Exclusion act

Answer 24

The federal government passed the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882, which banned all immigration from China to the U.S., with very few exceptions.

Question 25

What was Angel Island

Answer 25

Beginning in 1910, Chinese people who tried to immigrate to the U.S. often came through the immigration station located on Angel Island, an island in the San Francisco harbor.

Question 26

What happened on angle isalnd

Answer 26

They were detained there until they could prove that the Chinese Exclusion Act did not apply to them. Immigrants were also screened for certain diseases and parasites. This screening process could take months or years.

Question 27

How did Americans feel about Chinese

Answer 27

Official limitations such as the Chinese Exclusion Act fueled anti-Chinese discrimination among private individuals. People organized clubs to boycott Chinese-owned businesses and lobbied for anti-Chinese laws.

Question 28

How did a Chinese protest in Wyoming turn violent

Answer 28

A protest of Chinese mine workers in Wyoming turned violent in 1885, when white miners murdered more than two dozen Chinese immigrants

Question 29

What kinds of jobs could chinese pople get

Answer 29

Businesses that did hire Chinese laborers often gave them the most menial jobs for very low pay.

Question 30

How did Railorad companies treat Chinese people

Answer 30

. Railroad companies, who valued Chinese workers and brought many over from China prior to 1882, primarily used them to lay tracks and blast through the mountains. Still, it was a mostly Chinese crew that was chosen to lay the final 10 miles of track for the Central Pacific’s portion of the First Transcontinental Railroad.

Question 31

How did Chiense people band together

Answer 31

The Chinese immigrants found mutual support by banding together in communitiesThe Chinese immigrants also banded together to advocate for the repeal of laws that had been passed to specifically limit the rights of the Chinese. The limitations on Chinese citizenship and immigration would eventually be repealed in 1943.

Question 32

Who was Ng Poon Chew

Answer 32

Through his newspaper and speaking engagements, Ng Poon Chew advocated for social reforms in China and civil rights for Chinese immigrants in the United States. He became a popular speaker on educational lecture circuits, and a respected authority on Chinese - American relations.

Question 33

Describe restrictions of Hispanic Americans

Answer 33

Sunday laws were passed to prohibit common Hispanic cultural gatherings. Other laws allowed for the arrest and imprisonment of any Mexican American who was unemployed. Like the Chinese immigrants, city residents were pushed into barrios, or majority-Hispanic neighborhoods filled with low-income homes.

Question 34

In some cases, frustrated Hispanic Americans fought back against the white settlers who took their belongings. Who were the Gorras Blancas (the White Caps)

Answer 34

From 1889–1890 in New Mexico, several hundred Mexican Americans formed las Gorras Blancas (the White Caps) to try and reclaim their land and prevent further seizures. They destroyed railroads, raided farms, and burned houses, barns, and crops in an effort to intimidate white Americans.

Question 35

Did the las Gorras Blancas have any results

Answer 35

Although their actions never resulted in fundamental changes, they did disrupt the process quite a bit. Eventually, las Gorras Blancas members either gave up in fear of reprisal or changed tactics from violence to politics.

Question 36

How were living communities similar for Hispanic Americans and Chinese immigrants?

Answer 36

Both groups were pushed into communities that primarily contained people of the same ethnicity.