Unit 4 Lesson 6: Compromises and Conflict Flashcards
What is sectionalism and how did the rise begin in US
the focus of interest on a section of the country rather than the interests of the country as a whole, began with differences between the economies of northern and southern states.
What was the North like
The largely industrial North depended on tariffs to protect business and industry. Factories used primarily white laborers to produce goods. Small northern farmers and their families worked the land.
What was South like
The mostly agrarian South had a longer growing season and labor-intensive crops farmed on plantations. These crops were the South’s chief economy and relied on slave labor. The South, which imported most of its consumer goods, resented the tariffs that favored the North.
How did tariffs divide North and South
North: We need tariffs to protect our industries and businesses.
Sotuh: Tariffs are unfair and hurt our economy.
How did state sovereigny divde the South and the North
North: States have rights, but the national government is sovereign.
South: States should have the right to nullify any federal law they don’t agree with.
How did the slavery divide the North and the South
North: Slavery is an evil institution. It should be limited and abolished if possible.
South: Slavery is an economic necessity. It should be expanded into new territories and states.
which section of the country would have been more supportive of the Missouri Compromise, which decreed no slavery in the Louisiana Territory above the latitude line of latitude 36°30′?
The North would have been more supportive. The South resented any federal government interference about where settlers could take their slaves and which territories or states would be designated as free states.
What was the Guadalupe Hidalgo
1848, U.S. forces defeated Mexican forces in the Mexican-American War. With the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Mexico ceded a huge tract of land to the United States.
The Mexican Cession
The Mexican Cession, as the conquest of land was called, included most of the Southwest. The distribution of this new territory was in question. American War achieved what abolitionists alone had failed to do: it mobilized many in the North against slavery.
Who was congressman David Wilmot and what was the Wilmot Proviso
In 1846, only three months into the Mexican-American War, Congressman David Wilmot had introduced a plan in the United States House of Representatives. His plan, known as the Wilmot Proviso, was to ban slavery in any territory acquired from Mexico as a result of the war. It passed in the House but failed in the Senate.
Hpw did the Wilmot Proviso affect the North and the south?
Though the Wilmot Proviso remained a proposal and never became a law, it defined the sectional division between the North and South.
What was the Free-Soil party what was its main arguement
. The Free-Soil Party, which formed at the conclusion of the Mexican-American War in 1848, had the view that slavery should not be allowed in any land gained from the Mexican Cession. This was the centerpiece of all its political activities. Members of this new party ensured that the issue of slavery and its expansion remained front and center in American political debate.
Supporters of the Wilmot Proviso and members of the new Free-Soil Party want in terms of slavery
Supporters of the Wilmot Proviso and members of the new Free-Soil Party did not want to abolish slavery in the states where it already existed. Instead, Free-Soil advocates demanded that the western territories be kept free of slavery for the benefit of white laborers who might settle there. They wanted to protect white workers from having to compete with slave labor in the West.
How did Southeren extermits react to the free soil party and the Wilmot Proviso
Southern extremists, especially wealthy slaveholders, reacted with outrage at this effort to limit slavery’s expansion. They argued for the right to bring their slaves west as they moved into new territories, and they vowed to leave the Union if necessary to protect their right to own slaves.
What were the 5 things that were inclued in the Compromise of 1850
- California is admitted as a free state.
- The national Fugitive Slave Act is established.
- Popular sovereignty is enacted.
- Texas war debts are paid in exchange for land.
- The slave trade is abolished in Washington, D.C.
(Compromise of 1850) Califronia is admitted as a free state; why did people find this unfair
Many legislators wanted California to follow the latitude line established in the Missouri Compromise of 1820. This would have divided California into Northern California, a free state, and Southern California, a slave state. This did not happen. California entered the Union as a free state in 1850.
(Compromise of 1850)The national Fugitive Slave Act is established. in response to what and what did the Fugtive slave act do
Because California was admitted as a free state, slave states demanded something in return: a national Fugitive Slave Act. Southern states close to the northern borders benefited most, as they previously needed permission to retrieve runaway slaves who crossed into bordering free states. This law also imposed fines and imprisonment upon those who helped runaways.
(Compromise of 1850) Popular Sovereginy is enacted elaborate
This provision essentially nullified the Missouri Compromise. When applying for statehood, each territory—for example, the newly established Utah Territory—would allow residents to determine whether they wanted to enter the Union as slave or free states. This idea, known as popular sovereignty, better aligned with U.S. democratic principles.
(Compromise of 1850) Texas war debts are paid in exchange for land; elaborate
Texas had accumulated massive debts from its time as the Lone Star Republic. The U.S. government agreed to absolve these debts as long as Texas gave back disputed portions of the New Mexico Territory to the United States. Texas remained a slave state.
(Compromise of 1850)The slave trade is abolished in Washington, D.C., why is that
Abolitionists fought to outlaw slavery in the U.S. capital. Some felt it was contradictory that a city that symbolized democracy would enslave members of its population. A compromise was reached to end the slave trade within Washington, D.C., but the practice of slavery was still deemed legal there.
What parts of the Compromise of 1850 benefited the North?
The admission of California as a free state, the slave trade being prohibited in Washington, D.C., and the decision about the Texas-New Mexico boundary dispute all benefited the North.
What parts of the Compromise of 1850 benefited the South?
Slavery being decided by popular sovereignty in Utah and other new territories, slaveholding permitted in Washington, D.C., Texas receiving $10 million to pay its debts, and the Fugitive Slave Act all benefited the South.
Which section of the country do you think benefited more?
The South got more concessions, but the admission of California meant that the balance of free states and slave states now tilted in favor of free. There would be more free states votes in the Senate and in the House.
