Umbilical Hernia

Question 1

Umbilical hernia

Answer 1

1. Congenital umbilical hernia
2. Infantile umbilical hernia
3. Adult para-umbilical hernia

Question 2

Congenital umbilical hernia

Answer 2

1. Normally midgut herniates into umbilical cord during foetal life (physiological umbilical hernia)
2. Its persistence after birth is called continental umbilical hernia

Question 3

Infantile umbilical hernia

Answer 3

1. Due to weak umbilical scar (infection) and increased intra-abdominal pressure (straining or cough)
2. Sac passes through umbilical defect with umbilical scar stretch and eversion
3. Spontaneous closure occurs at 3 years age

Question 4

Adult para-umbilical hernia

Answer 4

1. Commonest hernia at umbilical region which usually occurs in fatty multiparous females
2. Sac passes through linea alba defect just above umbilicus