Abdominal Aorta: Paired Branches

Question 1

Paired branches

Answer 1

1. Inferior phrenic
2. Middle Suprarenal
3. Renal
4. Gonadal
5. Lumbar
6. Common iliac

Question 2

Inferior phrenic origin

Answer 2

Arise at abdominal aorta beginning to ramify on diaphragm inferior surface

Question 3

Inferior phrenic supply

Answer 3

It gives superior Supra-renal artery

Question 4

Middle Suprarenal origin

Answer 4

Arise at 1st lumbar vertebra

Question 5

Middle Suprarenal supply

Answer 5

Suprarenal glands

Question 6

Renal origin and course

Answer 6

1. Arise at 2nd lumbar vertebra upper border
2. Pass lateral in front of diaphragm crus and psoas major to reach kidney Hilum
3. On left side (shorter)
   - Passes behind its vein
4. On right side (longer)
   - Passes behind left renal vein, IVC, and right renal vein

Question 7

Renal branches

Answer 7

Gives inferior Suprarenal artery

Question 8

Gonadal origin

Answer 8

1. Arise from aorta anterolateral aspect just below renal arteries (L2)
2. Testicular and ovarian arteries

Question 9

Testicular arteries

Answer 9

Pass downwards and lateral on posterior abdominal wall to enter Inguinal canal through deep Inguinal ring

Question 10

Testicular arteries relations on right side

Answer 10

Anterior:
1. Duodenum 3rd part
2. Right colic
3. Ileocolic vessels
4. Mesentery root
5. Terminal ileum
Posterior:
1. IVC
2. Right Psoas major
3. Right ureter
4. Right external iliac artery

Question 11

Testicular arteries relations on left side

Answer 11

Anterior:
1. Duodenum 4th part
2. Superior and inferior left colic vessels
3. Descending colon
4. Inferior mesenteric vein
Posterior:
1. Left sympathetic chain
2. Left Psoas major
3. Left ureter
4. Left external iliac artery

Question 12

Ovarian arteries

Answer 12

1. Correspond to testicular arteries but do not enter deep Inguinal ring and Inguinal canal
2. At pelvic brim, it crosses external iliac artery and passes to Suspensory ligament of ovary then through mesovarium to supply ovary

Question 13

Lumbar

Answer 13

1. 4 pairs arise from aorta back while 5th pair from median sacral artery
2. It passes deep to Psoas major origin and continues between internal oblique and transversus abdominis to supply abdominal wall muscles

Question 14

Common iliac

Answer 14

1. 2 terminal branches of aorta
2. Arise at 4th lumbar vertebra lower border slightly to left of middle line
3. Descends lateral on Psoas major medial side to end at 5th lumbar vertebra lower border by dividing into external and internal iliac arteries

Question 15

Common iliac relations on right side

Answer 15

Anterior:
1. Peritoneum
2. Right ureter and sympathetic fibers (presacral nerve) cross its end
Posterior:
1. 5th lumbar vertebra
2. Right sympathetic chain
3. IVC beginning

Question 16

Common iliac relations on left side

Answer 16

Anterior:
1. Peritoneum
2. Left ureter and sympathetic fibers (presacral nerve) cross its end
3. Inferior mesenteric vessels cross its middle
Posterior:
1. 5th lumbar vertebra
2. Left sympathetic chain
More deep to both:
1. Obturator nerve
2. Lumbosacral trunk
3. Iliolumbar artery