Portosystemic Anatomses

Question 1

Portosystemic anastomoses

Answer 1

1. At esophagus lower end
2. Rectum lower end and anal canal upper end
3. Around umbilicus
4. Other sites

Question 2

At esophagus lower end

Answer 2

1. Esophageal tributaries of left gastric vein (portal)
2. Esophageal tributaries of azygous vein (systemic)

Question 3

At esophagus lower end: applied anatomy

Answer 3

At portal hypertension, opening of this anastomosis leads to esophageal varices which may rupture leading to:
1. Haematemesis
2. Melena

Question 4

Rectum lower end and anal canal upper end

Answer 4

1. Superior rectal vein (portal)
2. Middle and inferior rectal veins (systemic)

Question 5

Rectum lower end and anal canal upper end: applied anatomy

Answer 5

In portal hypertension, opening of this anastomosis leads to:
1. Formation of piles
2. Bleeding per rectum

Question 6

Around umbilicus

Answer 6

1. Paraumbilical veins (portal)
2. Superior and inferior epigastric veins (systemic)

Question 7

Around umbilicus: applied anatomy

Answer 7

In portal hypertension, opening of this anastomosis leads to: veins dilatation around umbilicus in radial pattern (caput medusae)

Question 8

Other sites

Answer 8

1. Liver bare area
2. Posterior abdominal wall

Question 9

Liver bare area

Answer 9

1. Capillaries inside liver (portal)
2. Phrenic veins of diaphragm (systemic)

Question 10

Posterior abdominal wall

Answer 10

1. Colic veins (portal)
2. Lumbar veins (systemic)