Pancreas Flashcards
Type
Mixed gland:
1. Endocrine: secretes:
- Insulin
- Glucagon
- Gastrin
2. Exocrine: secretes:
- Pancreatic juice with digestive enzymes
Definition
Retroperitoneal lobulated gland
Site
- Lies obliquely on posterior abdominal wall upper part in epigastrium and left hypochondrium
- Extends from duodenum 2nd part to spleen hilum
Parts
- Head
- Neck
- Body
- Tail
Head site
Lies within duodenum concavity with uncinate process projecting to left from its lower part
Head: anterior relations
- Head proper:
- Transverse colon
- Small intestine loops - Uncinate process:
- Superior mesenteric vessels
Head: posterior relations
- Head proper:
- Common bile duct
- IVC - Uncinate process:
- Abdominal aorta
Head: superior, right, inferior relations
Surrounded by duodenum
Neck
Constricted part between head and body
Neck: anterior relations
Pyloroduodenal junction, separated by lesser sac
Neck: posterior relations
Union of splenic and superior mesenteric veins forming portal vein
Tail
- Pancreas left end
- Run in ileorenal ligament
- Related below to spleen lateral end of its hilum
Body
Triangular prismatic in cross section having 3 borders and 3 surfaces
Body: anterior surface
- Related to stomach
- Separated by lesser sac
Body: inferior surface
Related to:
1. Duodenojejunal flexure
2. Jejunum loops
3. Left colic flexure
Body: posterior surface
Related to:
1. Left kidney
2. Left Suprarenal gland
3. Left Psoas major
4. Diaphragm left crus
5. Left sympathetic chain
6. Abdominal aorta origin
7. Superior mesenteric artery origin
8. Splenic vein
9. Left renal vein
Superior border
Related to:
1. Coeliac trunk
2. Celiac ganglia
3. Splenic artery
Shows upward projection (omental tuberosity) related to:
1. Coeliac trunk (above)
2. Lesser omentum (in front)
With lesser sac in between
Body: anterior border
Gives attachment to transverse mesocolon
Body: inferior border
Related to jejunum loops
Pancreatic ducts
- Main pancreatic duct wirsung duct
- Accesory pancreatic duct (santorini duct)
Wirsung duct
- Begins in tail
- Passes to right in body and head
- Unite with common bile duct
- Form ampulla of vater
- Opens in middle of Posteromedial aspect of duodenum 2nd part at major duodenal papilla being surrounded by sphincter of oddi
Santorini duct
- Begins in head lower part and its uncinate process
- Passes upwards in front of main pancreatic and common bile ducts
- Open in duodenum 2nd part at minor duodenal papilla 1 cm above major papilla
Arterial supply: head
- Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery: from gastroduodenal artery
- Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery: from superior mesenteric artery
Arterial supply: neck, body, tail
Pancreatic branches of splenic artery: from coeliac trunk
