The Lymphatic and Immune System Flashcards
1
Q
Immunity
A
- Ability to resist damage from pathogens and toxins from internal threats
2
Q
Immune system
A
- Lymphoid tissue
- Immune cells
- Chemical that coodinates and carries immune functions
- Recognises cells that are abnormal and removes them
3
Q
Functions of the immune system
A
- Recognize and remove abnormal “self ” cells
- Removes dead or damaged cells
- Protects the body from disease-causing invaders
4
Q
Nonspecific Innate Immunity
A
- Recognition same response when an antigen is present
5
Q
Specific Acquired Immunity
A
- Memory cells diffrent response adapted to the antigen
6
Q
Lymphatic System
A
- System of vessels that carries excess fluids to the bloodstream and filters pathogens from the blood
- drain body fluids and return them to the bloodstream
7
Q
Lymph
A
- Interstitial fluid (fluid that fills spaces between cells) once it has entered the lymphatic system
8
Q
Function of lymph system
A
- Fluid Balance
- Lipid Absorption
- Defence against pathogens
- Pathogen
- Substance or microorganism that causes disease or damage to the tissues of the body
- use humans as a source of nutrients and as an environment to survive in
9
Q
Lymph nodes
A
- Located along lymphatic vessel groups in the cervical (neck), axillary (armpit), and inguinal (groin) areas
10
Q
How the lymph carries fluid
A
- Vessels begin as closed-ended capillaries
- Feed into larger lymphatic vessels
- Empty into the bloodstream by ducts
- Lymph travels through the lymph nodes
- Doesn’t circulate ie not pumped by heart
- Forced through the vessels by contraction of skeletal muscles one way semi-luner valve
11
Q
Capillaries
A
- Where fluid enters the lymphatic
system - In virtually all tissues
- between arterioles and venules
- Thinner walls than veins
- Overlapping epithelial ‘flaps’
- fluid moves into capillaries only
12
Q
Lymphatic System - small intestine
A
- Lymphatic capillaries called lacteals
- Lipids and some lipid soluble proteins and vitamins form milky fluid (Chyle)
- Enter lacteals
- Enter blood stream
13
Q
Lymphatics Circulation
A
- The capillaries join together to form vessels then trunks then 2 ducts
- Right lyphatic duct drains into the right subclavian vein
- Thoratic duct drains into the left ubclavian vein remaining portions of the body
14
Q
Tonsils
A
- Palatine tonsils like first line of defence
- Pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids when enlarged)
- Lingual tonsil
- Protective ring of lymphatic tissue around the nasal and oral cavities and the pharynx
- Pathogens
15
Q
Lymph nodes
A
- Distributed along the lymphatic vessels
- Can be superficial or deep
