Respiratory system II

Question 1

Spirometry

Answer 1

• Measuring volumes of air that move into
  and out of the respiratory system
• Provides information aboyt peak flow

Question 2

Static lung volume

Answer 2

Volume and capacity of the lungs

Question 3

Dynamic lung volume

Answer 3

• How quickly the lungs inspire and expire

Question 4

Respiratory volumes

Answer 4

• Measures of the amount of air
  movement during different portions of ventilation

Question 5

Respiratory capacities

Answer 5

Sums of two or more respiratory
volumes

Question 6

Tidal Volume

Answer 6

• The volume of gas expired/inspired in one breathing cycle
• Also known as resting breathing

Question 7

Inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 7

• Inspiratory reserve volume is the amount of air that can be inspired forcefully beyond the resting tidal volume

Question 8

Expiratory reserve volume

Answer 8

Expiratory reserve volume is the amount of air that can be expired forcefully beyond the resting tidal volume

Question 9

Residual volume

Answer 9

• Residual volume is the volume of air still remaining in the respiratory passages and lungs after maximum expiration
• Lungs would collapse without residual volume pressure required to generate inflation would be high

Question 10

Total lung capacity

Answer 10

• The volume of gas in the lungs and airways at a position of full inspiration how much air the lungs can
  actually hold
• Lung expansion is limited at a point which defines TLC

Question 11

Vital Capacity

Answer 11

• Total volume of gas that can be expired from the lungs from aposition of full inspiration or the total volume of gas that can be inspired from a position of residual volume

Question 12

Inspiratory capacity

Answer 12

• The tidal volume plus the inspiratory reserve volume
• The amount of air a person can inspire maximally after a normal expiration

Question 13

Functional Residual Capacity

Answer 13

• The volume of gas in the lungs and airways at the end of a tidalbreath
• This is the point at which the inward pull of the lungs and the outward pull of the chest wall are in equilibrium

Question 14

Peak expiratory flow

Answer 14

• A measure of
  how quickly you can blow air out of
  your lungs l/min
• Diagnosis of asthma or to predict oncoming asthma attack

Question 15

Forced expiratory vital capacity

Answer 15

• Rate at which volume changes during direct measurement of vital capacity
• FEV1 - amount of air that can be forced out in 1s
• Inhale maximally then exhale maximally

Question 16

Asthma

Answer 16

• Contraction of the smooth muscle in the bronchioles increases the resistance to airflow

Question 17

Emphysema

Answer 17

• Changes in the lung tissue result in the destruction of the alveolar walls,collapse of the bronchioles, and decreased elasticity of the lung tissue
• Increased resistance to airflow

Question 18

FEV1

Answer 18

• Forced Exhaled Volume in 1 Second
• Amount of air exhaled in 1 second
• Affected by airway diameter
• Healthy dependant on age, gender and height

Question 19

Forced Vital Capacity

Answer 19

• Total amount of air that can be exhaled
• FVC + Residual Volume = Lung Capacity
• Healthy by age, gender and height