Digestive system III Flashcards
Upper GI tract diseases
- GORD
- Peptic ulcers
- Gastritis
- Gastroparesis
- Gall stones
Lower GI tract diseases
- Lower celiac disease
- Diverticular disease
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Irritable bowel syndrome
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
- Acid from stomach leaks up to oesophagus
Symptoms of GORD
- Acid reflux
- Heatburn
- Oesophogitis
- Bad breath, bloating and belching
- Pain while swallowing
Progressive complications to GORD
- Bleeding of ulcers in the oesophogus making swallowing painful
- The bleeding could scar and narrow
- Cell lining change and cause cancer development
Peptic ulcers
- Sores that develop in the inner lining of the stomach
Symptoms of peptic ulcers
- Heartburn after eating
- Stomach acid coming back up the mouth acid reflux
- Indigestion
Progressive complications to peptic ulcers
- Bleeding at the site of the ulcer
- Stomach lining at the site of the ulcer starts splitting
- Ulcer blocks movement of food through the digestive system
H. pylori effect on stomach
- Attacking of the lining that protects the stomach
- Bacteria makes the enzyme urease making stomach acid less acidic weakening the stomach mucosa lining
- Greater risk of being attacked by pepsin and strong digestive fluids causing sores and ulcers
- Stick to stomach cells and stimulate acid secretion
Diagnostic test for H.Pylori
- Carbon 13 urea breath test non-evasive technique
- Drink glass of radioactive carbon then blowing into a bag
- Tests bacteria urease activity
Gastroparesis
- Chronic condition where the stomach cannot empty in the normal way
- Food passes through the stomach slower
Symptoms of gastroparesis
- Feeling full quickly when eating
- Feeling sick at vomiting
- Loss of apetiite and weight loss
- Bloating and tummy cramps
Progressive complications of gastroparesis
- Dehydration from repeated vomiting
- GORD
- Malnutrition
- Unpredictable blood sugar levels
Gastritis
- lining of the stomach gets inflammed after being damaged
Symptoms of gastritis
- Feeling full when eating quickly
- Nausea and vomiting
- tummy and abdominal pain
Progressive complications of gastritis
- Dehydration and repeated vomiting
- GORD
- Malnutrition
- Unprecidented blood sugar levels
Gall stones
- Levels of cholesterol and bile become too high and the excess cholesterol turns into stones
Symptoms of gall stones
- Mostly asymptomatic
- Billary coliac
- Inflammation of gall bladder causes pain causing jaundice and fever
Infammatory bowel disease
- Crohn’s diseases or ulcerative colitis
- Inflammation of the colon and the rectum
Inflammatory bowel disease
Symptoms of Ulcerative colitis
- Reoccouring diarrhoea containing blood mucus or pus
- Abdominal pain needing to empty bowels frequently
- Long term rectal inflammation
Inflammatory bowel disease
Crohn’s disease symptoms
- Inflammation from mouth to anus
- Diarrhoea and stomach aches with blood in stool
- ## Tirednes and weight loss
Progressive complications of Inflammatory bowel disease
- Bile duct inside the liver becomes damaged
- Risk of developing bowel cancer
- Poor growth and development of children and young people
Cause and definition of irritable bowel syndrome
- Common condition with diarrhoea, stomach cramps bloating and constipation
- Food passes through gut too quickly or slowly
- Oversenstive nerves in gut
- Family history
Celiac disease
- Gluten intolerances as immune system attacks the gluten cannot be metabolised
- Damages to the gut with symptoms of diarrhoea, stomach cramps and bloating
Lactose intolerance
- Cannot digest dairy products
- Cannot get vitamins and minerals from fat
Symptoms of lactose intolerance
- Farting
- diarrhoea
- Bloated stomach
- Stomach cramps and pains
- Feeling sick
What happens if you have a lack of lactose in diet
- Osteopenia which means bones have low mineral density if left untreated could lead to osteoporosis
- malnutrition of vitamins
Diverticular disease
- Effects large intestine which are small buldges that develop on the linin gof the intestine with ageing
Symptoms of diverticular disease
- Tummy pain on the lower left side
- Constipation and diarrhoea with occasional blood in stool
