Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PMP 101 Health, Disease and Patient > Protozoan microorganisms > Flashcards

Protozoan microorganisms Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Biology 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Parasite

A
  • Living eukaryote organism, which takes its nourishment and other needs from a host.
  • Depends on the host for nutrition
  • Microbes can establish parasitic relationships with the host
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ENDOparasites

A
  • Inside of the host’s body - Permanently
  • Some anaerobes, some aerobes
  • Example Protozoa and helminths
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ECTOparasites

A
  • ON the outer surface of the host’s body – temporary or permanent
  • Aerobes
  • Some ectoparasites serve as vectors of pathogens
  • Example ticks, fleas, lice, and mites
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ENDOPARASITES

Protoza

A
  • Monocellular and mostly asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction
  • Non-motile, those motile use either flagella or
    cilia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ENDOPARASITES

Helminths

A
  • Pluricellular, Parasitic
    worms
  • Sexual reproduction
  • Move through muscular contractions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Protozoa general characteristics

A
  • Chemoheterotrophs
  • Preformed organic substances
  • Similar requirements of the mammalian cells
  • Require high moisture
  • Diverse Oxygen requirements
  • Parasitic relationship with many hosts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Life stages of protazoa

A
  • Exists in 2 morphological form
  • Trophozoite - motile form, activly feed and multiply and pathogenic form
  • Cyst - External non-parasitic form possessing protective membrane or wall
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Transmission of intestinal protozoa

A
  • Transmission of intestinal protozoa that live in a human’s intestine to another human typically
    occurs through a fecal-oral route
  • Contaminate food water pets and waste water
  • Multipy in gut and cause infections
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Medically relevant protozoa

A
  • Protozoan infections can be mild in normal individuals, yet life-threatening in immunosuppressed patients
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Amoebae

A
  • Amoeboid movement
  • Move by extending pseudopods arm like projections
  • Engulf food with pseudopods and phagocytize - feeds on red blood cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Flagellates

A
  • One or more flagella
  • Intestinal and genito-urinary flagellates
  • Blood and tissue flagellates
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Transmission of blood borne protozoa - Leishmania

A
  • Parasitise in mononuclear
    phagocytic cells
  • Leishmania protozoa are usually spread through the bite of infected sand flies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cutaneous leishmaniasis

A
  • Affects the skin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mucosal leishmaniasis

A

Affects the mucous membranes of
the nose and mouth, causing sores and destroying tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Visceral leishmaniasis

A
  • Affects the internal organs,
    particularly the bone marrow, lymph nodes, liver, and spleen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Trichomoniasis

A
  • Gential tract infection Trichomonas vaginalis
  • Common STD
17
Q

Ciliates

A
  • Complex protozoa that move by cilia
  • Unusually, they have two different types of nuclei
  • Transmitted through infected pigs
  • Also oral-fecal transmission
18
Q

Sporozoa

A
  • Complex life cycles
  • Alternating sexual and asexual reproduction, also involving spores
  • Usually, they have more than one host
  • Diarrheal disease
  • Intestinal illness
  • Non-motile prodcing protazoa
19
Q

Plasmodium

A
  • Responsible for malaria
  • Obligate intracellular parasite
20
Q

4 species responsible for malaria

A
  • P. malariae
  • P. vivax
  • P. falciparum
  • P. ovale
  • P. falciparum
21
Q

Transmission of malaria

A
  • Spread to humans by the bite of female mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles
  • Blood transfusions
  • Mother to fetus
22
Q

Endemic

A
  • Subtropic
    countries with a temperate climate
23
Q

Acute febrile illness

A
  • Symptoms after 10-14 days from mosquito’s bite
24
Q

Control of malaria

A
  • Vaccine available showing modest efficacy, preventing about 30% of severe malaria cases
25
Q

Drugs that prevent malaria

A

Doxycycline - starting 1 to 2 days before travel

26
Q

Personal protection against bites

A
  • DEET 50% insect repellan covering clothes
27
Q

Antiprotozoal drugs

A
  • Specific geographic locales
  • Unicellular eukaryotes, less easily treated than bacterial infections
  • Not completely elucidated
  • Toxic effects in the host
  • may not be suitable to pregnant
28
Q

Microscopic examination

A

Identify the morphology of microbes in specimens

29
Q

Immunologic tests

A
  • Detect antibodies or microbial antigens detect microbial protien
30
Q

Molecular methods

A
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) based techniques allow amplification of a known gene of interest
  • Nucleic acid sequencing

PMP 101 Health, Disease and Patient (64 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions