Pituitary gland Flashcards
1
Q
Hypothalamus
Anterior Pituitary
A
- Releasing factors pass along the portal vessels to reach capillary bed of the anterior pituitary highly profused
- Controls secretion of anterior pituitary hormones
trophs
2
Q
Hypothalamus
Posterior pituitary
A
- Paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic (SON) nuclei, and the neurons carrying oxytocin and ADH are stored and released
- Neural hormone and there are few glandular cells
trophins
3
Q
Pituitary tumours
A
- Mostly benign meaning over or under production of hormones (Hyper/Hypo)
- Pressure on surrounding structures such as headaches, visual disturbances
4
Q
GH funtion
A
- Direct by acting on the liver increases glucogenesis
- This increases protien synthesis in the muscle which causes a decrease in glucose uptake
- increase in lipolysis when there is more adipose tissue
- this decreases glucose uptake
5
Q
Dwafism
A
- Psychological changes
- tiredness, anxiety and depression
- Osteoporosis
- Poor muscular tone, decrease in lean body
mass - Impaired hair growth
- Increase in adipose tissue (especially around
the waist)
6
Q
Giantism
A
- coarsening of facial features
- enlarged hands and feet
- headaches, vision disturbance
- sleep apnoea, general tiredness
- hypertension, cardiomegaly pumping to carry blood around bosy
- glucose intolerance (diabetes)
- irregular or loss of periods (females);
impotence (males)
7
Q
Thyroid gland
A
- Thyroxine (T4) secreated by follicular cells
- Highly bound to the plasma protien therefore inactive
- T3 is more biologically active than T4
8
Q
Function
Thyroid gland
A
- Responsible for basal retabolic rate sugar at and protien
9
Q
Somatotropin
A
- Growth hormone
10
Q
Somatotropin
A
- Growth hormone act on the liver as a primary target which regulates the metabolism
- Indirectally stimulates the insulin growth factors
- Secreated by acidophillic cells of antiror prituitary glands but stored as granules
- Drop in blood glucose stimulates growth hormone release
11
Q
Pituitary tumour
A
- Pituitary benign and it is slow growing
- Over and under production of hormones
- Pressures such as headaches and visual disterbance
12
Q
Tropic
A
Turing effecting the activity of an endocrine gland
13
Q
Tropic
A
Feeds and promotes groth of new cells
14
Q
Process of sex hormone release
A
- Gonards releasing hormone
