Respiration Lecture 04: Compliance, FRC, and Respiratory Volumes

Question 0

what causes heart sounds?

Answer 0

turbulence in the tube system

Question 1

2 forces that affect ability of lung to inflate

Answer 1

compliance + resistance

Question 2

What happens when stretching force of lung is released?

Answer 2

elastic tissue springs back into rest position

Question 3

minimal volume

Answer 3

minimum volume lungs can be at before they collapse

Question 4

as you increase lung volume, is more or less pressure required to inflate further?

Answer 4

more

Question 5

slope of pressure volume curve =

Answer 5

compliance

Question 6

stiffening the lung _______ compliance

Answer 6

decreases

Question 7

emphysema causes _____ compliance. Fibrosis causes ________ compliance

Answer 7

emphesema –> increased

fibrosis –> decreased

Question 8

net compliance of lung =

Answer 8

lung elastic recoil + surface tension

Question 9

lung hysteresis

Answer 9

lung pressure and volume shows inflation and deflation curves that follow different paths

Question 10

elastic forces of chest wall work in _______direction of the lung

Answer 10

opposite

Question 11

Negative pressure must be applied to chest wall for it to ______

Answer 11

decrease in volume

Question 12

Must apply ________pressure for chest wall to expand

Answer 12

positive

Question 13

natural resting point of chest

Answer 13

very large volume (occurs during pneumothorax)

Question 14

Functional Residual Capacity

Answer 14

Rest position when all compliance forces are in balance. Includes air left over in lungs after reaching normal rest point.
FRC = Residual volume + expiratory reserve volume

Question 15

airway pressure

Answer 15

pressure measured when looking at total respiratory system including lung AND chest wall. Depends on the combined elastic forces of the lung and chest wall

Question 16

compliance of the respiratory system (Cr)

Answer 16

the result of the balance of the lung and chest wall compliance

Question 17

A major factor in tidal volume and associated Ppl

Answer 17

compliance

Question 18

How does compliance affect FRC?

Answer 18

Decreased lung compliance will decrease FRC and increase collapsing force by the lung.

Question 19

Resting lung volume =

Answer 19

FRC

Question 20

vital capacity

Answer 20

amount of expired when starting from maximum inspiration and ending at maximum active exhalation

Question 21

total lung capacity

Answer 21

vital capacity + residual volume

Question 22

Which muscles are used above, at, and below FRC?

Answer 22

above - diaphragm
at- none
below - abd. muscles

Question 23

inspiratory capacity

Answer 23

how much you can inhale starting from FRC

Question 24

expiratory reserve volume

Answer 24

air you can actively expel out beyond FRC

Question 25

What is net force for chest wall pulling out and lungs pulling in at residual volume?

Answer 25

pull out (chest wall wins over lungs)

Question 26

What is net force for chest pulling out and lungs pulling in at FRC?

Answer 26

net force = 0

Question 27

what is net force for chest pulling out and lungs pulling in at end of tidal breath (end of normal inspiration)?

Answer 27

net collapsing force

Question 28

What is net force for chest pulling out and lung pulling in at 70% TLC?

Answer 28

net collapsing force, airflow out of lung

Question 29

What is net force of chest pulling out and lung pulling in at TLC?

Answer 29

Huge collapsing force. Both chest wall AND lungs want to collapse