Lab 11: Hindlimb Flashcards
what is the fascia called overlying the crural region? What are its 3 layers?
crural fascia. Superficial, middle, and deep layers of the crural fascia
crural region
region from the stifle to the tarsus
what aponeuroses is the middle layer of the crural fascia continuous with?
aponeuroses of the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, gracilis, and sartorius, which insert on the tuber calcaneus
what muscles does the deep layer of the crural fascia surround?
muscles of the crus (lower leg)
between which 2 muscles does the superficial peroneal n. run?
long and lateral digital extensors.
from what nerve does the superficial peroneal n. originate?
common peroneal n.
what do the peroneal nerves innervate?
muscles that flex the hock and extend the digit
Name 3 muscles innervated by tibial n.?
gastrocnemius, superficial digital flexor, and deep digital flexor. All of these extend the hock
fx of peroneus tertius
serves as a long ligament over joints. Made up of thick band of tendinous tissue
Caudal cutaneous sural nerve is cutaneous branch of which nerve?
tibial n.
What does the femoral artery continue as after the caudal femoral a. branches off over the gastrocnemius m.?
popliteal a.
Which muscles are visible on the medial side of the crus?
deep digital flexor and portion of the tibialis cranialis
Origin and insertion of superficial digital flexor
origin: supracondylar fossa of the femur
insertion: tuber calcaneus
What are extensor retinacula?
fibrous bands with transverse fibers that bind the tendon of the long digital extensor
2 terminal branches of the popliteal a.
cranial and caudal tibial arteries
What supplies the majority of the blood to the digit?** Where is it located and what is its clinical significance?
dorsal metatarsal artery. Lies in groove between the lateral splint bone (metatarsal IV) and cannon bone (metatarsal III). Can be easily felt on live animal for the purpose of obtaining a pulse
Is tibial n. sensory, motor, or both?
Both
What 2 arteries anastomose at the “S shaped anastomosis?”
saphenous and branch of caudal femoral arteries
What 2 nerves does the tibial n. divide into? Where does this split occur?
Lateral and medial plantar nn. Occurs proximal or within the flexor canal
What is the major innervation to the digit?
lateral and medial plantar nerves
Origin/Insertion/Action/Nerve Supply: Gracilis m.
O: subpelvic tendon
I: medial patellar ligament and medial surface of tibia
A: adduct limb
S: obturator n.
OIAS: rectus femoris head of quadriceps femoris
O: body of ilium
I: tibial tuberosity
A: flex hip, extend stifle
S: femoral n.
OIAS: vastus lateralis head of quadriceps femoris
O: lateral surface of femur
I: tibial tuberosity
A: extend stifle joint
S: femoral n.
OIAS: vastus medialis head of quadriceps femoris
O: medial surface of femur
I: tibial tuberosity
A: extend stifle
S: femoral n.
OIAS: vastus intermedius head of quadriceps femoris
O: cranial surface of femur
I: tibial tuberosity
A: extend stifle
S: femoral n.
OIAS: tibialis cranialis
O: lateral condyle of tibia
I: third metatarsal and tarsal bones I and II
A: flex hock
S: deep peroneal n.
OIAS: peroneus tertius
O: extensor fossa of femur
I: third metatarsal, third tarsal, calcaneus and 4th tarsal bones
A: flex hock, extend stifle
S: sensory branches of deep peroneal n.
OIAS: long digital extensor
O: extensor fossa of femur
I: extensor process of third phalanx
A: extend stifle and digit, flex the hock
S: deep peroneal n.
OIAS: lateral digital extensor
O: lateral collateral ligament of stifle joint
I: tendon of insertion of long dig. extensor
A: extend digit, flex hock
S: superficial peroneal n.
OIAS: Gastrocnemius m.
O: supracondyloid tuberosity of femur
I: calcaneal tuberosity
A: flex stifle, extend hock
S: tibial n.
OIAS: superficial digital flexor
O: supracondyloid fossa of femur
I: calcaneal tuber, proximal extremity of 2nd phalanx, distal extremity of 1st phalanx
A: flex digit, extend hock, flex stifle
S: tibial n.
OIAS: deep digital flexor
O: lateral condyle and lateral border of tibia and fibula
I: flexor surface of third phalanx
A: flex digit, extend hock
S: tibial n.
OIAS: interosseus (suspensory ligament)
O: distal row of tarsal bones, proximal extremity of third metatarsal bone
I: abaxial surface of proximal sesamoids and conjoined tendon of long and lateral digital extensor mm.
A: support the fetlock (prevent overextension)
S: sensory branches of tibial n.
