Lab 5: Abdomen

Question 0

3 tubular structures entering the ventro-medial (visceral) surface of the liver. Which will have the widest lumen?

Answer 0

hepatic artery, portal vein, bile duct. Portal vein has widest lumen

Question 1

name the opening the esophagus passes through in the diaphragm

Answer 1

esophageal hiatus

Question 2

Does horse have a gall bladder?

Answer 2

NO

Question 3

Which organs/structures leave impressions on the liver? (6)

Answer 3

stomach, esophagus, descending duodenum, R kidney, caudal vena cava, R dorsal ascending colon

Question 4

Compare the epithelium of the blind sac of the stomach vs. the distal stomach

Answer 4

blind sac: whitish, non-glandular, stratified squamous epithelium
distal stomach: pink, glandular

Question 5

Border between blind sac and distal stomach

Answer 5

margo plicatus

Question 6

what prevents the horse from vomiting?

Answer 6

the thick cardiac sphincter. Horse can only vomit in severe cases

Question 7

What drains into the major duodenal papilla in the horse?

Answer 7

Bile duct and pancreatic duct

Question 8

What drains into the minor duodenal papilla in the horse?

Answer 8

Accessory pancreatic duct

Question 9

What part of colon passes cranial to the root of the mesentery?

Answer 9

transverse colon

Question 10

From what side does ileum enter the cecum?

Answer 10

from the medial side

Question 11

What direction does the cecocolic orifice face?

Answer 11

caudally into the R ventral colon

Question 12

Why is it important to know pattern of bands and sacculations in the horse?

Answer 12

For identification in abdominal surgery and rectal palpation

Question 13

Which segment(s) of the colon have distinct sacculations?

Answer 13

R ventral colon, L ventral colon, small colon

Question 14

Which segment(s) of the colon have no sacculations?

Answer 14

L dorsal colon

Question 15

Which segment(s) of the colon have indistinct sacculations?

Answer 15

R dorsal colon

Question 16

How many free and hidden bands does the R ventral colon have?

Answer 16

2 free, 2 hidden (same as the L ventral colon)

Question 17

How many free and hidden bands does the R dorsal colon have?

Answer 17

2 free, 1 hidden

Question 18

How many free and hidden bands does the L dorsal colon have?

Answer 18

0 free, 1 hidden

Question 19

How many free and hidden bands does the L ventral colon have?

Answer 19

2 free, 2 hidden. (same as R ventral colon)

Question 20

How many free and hidden bands does the small colon have?

Answer 20

1 free, 1 hidden

Question 21

Does the cecum have bands and/or sacculations?

Answer 21

Yes-both

Question 22

What does the colic branch of the ileocolic artery supply?

Answer 22

ventral coli

Question 23

What does the R colic a. supply?

Answer 23

dorsal coli

Question 24

Where doe the colic br. of ileocolic a. and R colic a. anastomose?

Answer 24

pelvic flexure

Question 25

Why are colic conditions exacerbated by ischemia at the pelvic flexure?

Answer 25

This is the location where the R colic a. and colic br. of the ileocolic a. anastomose and end, so it is more susceptible to ischemia

Question 26

What is the peritoneal cavity lined by?

Answer 26

parietal peritoneum

Question 27

What muscle lies directly ventral to the parietal peritoneum, fascia, and fat?

Answer 27

Rectus abdominis

Question 28

How many lumbar vertebrae are normally in the horse? What about Arabians?

Answer 28

6 normally, Arabians usually have 5

Question 29

How many bones fuse to form sacrum in horse?

Answer 29

5 sacral vertebrae

Question 31

Avg. number of caudal (coccygeal) vertebrae in horse

Answer 31

18

Question 32

whats another term for sacculations?

Answer 32

haustra

Question 33

what is another term for the longitudinal smooth muscle bands located on the large and small colon?

Answer 33

teniae coli