Lab 24: Avian Anatomy

Question 0

T or F: birds don’t have sweat glands

Answer 0

T

Question 1

fx of uropygial gland papilla

Answer 1

has sebaceous secretion that is spread to feathers during preening

Question 2

triceps brachii is supplied by which nerve?

Answer 2

radial

Question 3

sciatic n. lies deep to which muscle?

Answer 3

biceps femoris

Question 4

T or F: birds don’t have a diaphragm

Answer 4

T

Question 5

what is a crop?

Answer 5

right-sided outpocketing of the esophagus near the thoracic inlet

Question 6

Which is larger: the L or R jugular vein in the bird?

Answer 6

R jugular vein

Question 7

Which 2 veins are commonly used for venipuncture in birds?

Answer 7

brachial vein, cutaneous ulnar (wing) vein

Question 8

T or F: bird kidneys are multi-lobed

Answer 8

T

Question 9

T or F: birds don’t have a urinary bladder or urethra

Answer 9

T

Question 10

How does the venous circulation in the hindquarters differ in birds vs. mammals?

Answer 10

Birds use a “renal portal system” which sends blood percolating through the kidney before returning to the heart through the vena cava

Question 11

3 parts of the cloaca

Answer 11

coprodeum, urodeum, proctodeum

Question 13

Why are the spermatic cord and tunica vaginalis absent in birds?

Answer 13

The testes do not descend; they remain at their abdominal origin. There are also no accessory glands or urethra

Question 14

What is caponization?

Answer 14

removal of testes a bird. Facilitates fattening and improves meat quality

Question 15

phallus

Answer 15

copulatory organ located in the ventral tip of the vent. Form a groove for the passage of sperm when engorged with lymph

Question 16

describe the oviduct of the bird

Answer 16

• represents the entire genital tract from the ovary to the cloaca
• reduced in length during moulting
• usually only develops on the left side
• has 5 sections

Question 17

5 sections of the oviduct of a bird

Answer 17

1) infundibulum
2) magnum
3) isthmus
4) uterus
5) vagina

Question 18

shortest segment of the oviduct of a bird

Answer 18

infundibulum. It is fluted and thin-walled and the oocyte passes through it in about 15 mins.

Question 19

longest segment of the oviduct of a bird? What does it produce?

Answer 19

magnum. It is highly coiled and its mucosa secretes about half of the total albumin to the egg over a period of 3 hrs

Question 20

What does the isthmus secrete?

Answer 20

albumin and shell membranes

Question 21

What does the uterus secrete?

Answer 21

hard calcareous shell of the egg

Question 22

Where does the vagina begin and end? Describe the fx of the vagina in a bird during laying.

Answer 22

Begins at a uterovaginal sphincter and opens on the lateral wall of the urodeum. During laying, protrudes through the vent to minimize contact with feces.