Lecture 02: Reproductive Anatomy (Pozor) Flashcards
ovaries produce 2 main things
gametes and hormones
female env. for fertilization and development of embryo
oviducts
what events occur in uterus?
sperm transport, embryogenesis, attachment of the conceptus
what secretes mucus during estrus?
cervix
What produces cervical seal during pregnancy?
cervix
female copulatory organ
vagina
Position of ovaries in cow vs. mare
cow’s ovaries are closer to uterine body
cow or mare has shorter body of uterus?
cow
female repro tract precursor
paramesonephric duct
which species has complete fusion between uterine horns and body of uterus?
primates
vestibulovaginal ring in cow vs. mare
prominent in mare, almost absent in cow
where does ovulation occur in equines? ***
on surface germinal epithelium, which is present on the OVULATION FOSSA only ***
where does ovulation occur in non-equines? ***
anywhere on surface germinal epithelium (covers almost whole ovary) ***
In equines, the majority of the ovary is covered by what tissue? **
mesothelium (aka peritoneal layer). Ovulation does NOT occur here **
bicornate means
two horns
Which species are bicornate?
mare, cow, bitch, queen, sow
Which species has septum in their uterine body?
cow
which species are bicornate with poorly developed uterine horns?
mare, cow
which species are bicornate with highly developed uterine horns?
bitch, queen, sow
which species ha simpex uterus? (no uterine horns)
primates (COMPLETE fusion of the paramesonephric duct)
which species has CONCAVE shaped uterus? **
mare
which species has CONVEX shaped uterus? **
ruminants
which species has CONVOLUTED shaped uterus? **
sow
which species has STRAIGHT shaped uterues? **
bitch
How does distance between ovary and oviduct change closer to ovulation?
Gets smaller via utero-ovarian ligament so oviduct can “catch” ovulated oocyte
Type of tubouterine junction in cattle
Type 2. Small ligament prevents backflow from uterus toward the oviduct/abdominal cavity by keeping the tube bent
Type of tubouterine junction in cat/mare ***
Type 8. tubouterine junction protrudes into tip of horn of the uterus and there is a sphincter called the OVIDUCTAL PAPILLA **KNOW
broad ligament
suspends uterus. A continuation of peritoneal fold
mesovarium
sheet of tissue that hold the ovary
plasmentome =
caruncle + cotyledon
ovarian bursa in sows
surrounds ovary and is made from mesosalpinx
which species has longitudinal folds in the cervix?
mare
cartilaginous rings in cervix have what kind of epithelium?
simple columnar and ciliated columnar ep.
epithelium in cranial vagina
columnar epithelium
epithelium in caudal vagina
stratified squamous epithelium
interdigitating prominences of cervix
zipper like muscular fold of tissue in cervix that keep it closed
which species has pointed dorsal commissure and rounded ventral commissure on vulva?
mare. ALL OTHERS = opposite
2 main things produced by testes
gametes and hormones
what events occur in epididymis
sperm maturation and transport
vas deferens main fx
sperm transport
accessory sex glands main fx
productiono of seminal plasma
main fx of pelvic urethra
semen transport
main fx of penis
copulatory organ and semen deposition
Which species have VENTRALLY oriented tail of epididymis? **
bull, ram,
Which species has a CAUDALLY oriented tail of epididymis? **
stallion
Which species have a DORSO-CAUDALLY oriented tail of epididymis? **
boar, dog, cat
Which species have VERTICALLY oriented testis? **
bull, ram
testis orientation in stallion **
horizontal
testis orientation in boar, dog, cat **
oblique
3 layers of scrotum ***
1) skin (most superficial)
2) tunica dartos
3) scrotal fascia
2 vaginal tunics (layer of peritoneum) and their functions ***
1) parietal layer of tunica vaginalis —> lines scrotal sacs
2) visceral layer of tunica vaginalis –> covers testis and part of epididymi
vaginal cavity **
contains serous fluid between vaginal tunics to allow mobility
4 layers of testis (superficial to deep)
1) visceral layer of tunica vaginalis
2) tunica albuginea
3) seminiferous tubules
4) mediastinum testis
efferent ducts fx and precursor
functional connection between testis and epididymal duct. Precursor = mesonephros
rete testis
network of tubules in mediastinum of testis that carries sperm from seminiferous tubules to efferent ducts
