Lab 6: Ruminant Stomach and GI Tract

Question 0

What does the ventral coronary pillar delineate?

Answer 0

Opening of the caudoventral blind sac

Question 1

What does the dorsal coronary pillar delineate?

Answer 1

opening of the caudodorsal blind sac

Question 2

What groove corresponds to the caudal pillar?

Answer 2

caudal groove

Question 3

What grooves correspond to the R and L longitudinal pillars?

Answer 3

R and L longitudinal grooves

Question 4

What groove corresponds to the cranial pillar?

Answer 4

Cranial groove

Question 5

Where does the superficial leaf of the greater omentum attach?

Answer 5

Along L longitudinal groove, caudal groove, and R longitudinal groove

Question 6

Where does the deep leaf of the greater omentum attach?

Answer 6

R longitudinal groove

Question 7

space between the superficial and deep leaves of the greater omentum

Answer 7

omental bursa

Question 8

What is the continuation of the reticular groove through the omasum called?

Answer 8

the omasal groove (through the omasal canal)

Question 9

The entire liver is located on what side of the cow?

Answer 9

R side

Question 10

what lies in the supraomental bursa?

Answer 10

The intestinal mass

Question 11

Do cows have a gall bladder?

Answer 11

yes. Present on the visceral surface of the liver

Question 12

What artery lies in the cranial groove? ***

Answer 12

L ruminal a.

Question 13

What grooves does the R ruminal a. lie in? ***

Answer 13

R longitudinal and caudal grooves

Question 14

Where is the reticular artery located? ***

Answer 14

On the L side of the cardia and dorsal aspect of the reticulum

Question 15

What does the ruminoreticular fold delineate?

Answer 15

cranial sac of the rumen from the reticulum at the ruminoreticular orifice

Question 16

area where esophagus opens to the reticulum is known as:

Answer 16

cardia

Question 17

what structure makes up the honeycomb appearance of the mucosa?

Answer 17

reticular crests

Question 18

2 functions of ruminal papillae *****

Answer 18

1) increase surface area

2) absorb volatile fatty acids (VFAs)

Question 19

what does the reticulo-omasal orifice lead to?

Answer 19

omasum

Question 20

what does the omasoabomasal orifice lead to?

Answer 20

abomasum

Question 21

What drains into the major duodenal papilla in the cow?

Answer 21

common bile duct

Question 22

what is the torus pyloricus composed of and what is its function? ***

Answer 22

a mound composed of smooth muscle, erectile tissue, and fat between the abomasum and duodenum. functions to help close off the pylorus.

Question 23

What drains into minor duodenal papilla in the cow? ***

Answer 23

accessory pancreatic duct. This duct is the more functional (and usually the only) duct from the pancreas in cattle

Question 24

where does the apex of the cecum normally lie in the cow?

Answer 24

at the pelvic inlet

Question 25

sigmoid colon

Answer 25

curvature in distal part of rectum that is utilized in rectal palpation

Question 26

where ileum meets large intestine is known as:

Answer 26

cecocolic junction (through the ileal junction)

Question 27

3 parts of ascending colon in the cow

Answer 27

proximal loop, spiral loop, distal loop

Question 28

Where can the spiral loop of the ascending colon in the cow be visualized in situ?

Answer 28

L side behind the rumen

Question 29

Where does distal loop of ascending colon lie in situ?

Answer 29

From connection with spiral loop, passes caudally a short distance where it abruptly turns ventrally at lvl of 5th lumbar vertebra and cranially along the R side of the mesentery

Question 31

centripetal vs. centrifugal flow in the spiral loop of the ascending colon ****

Answer 31

The initial segment of the spiral loop is arranged into "centripetal" turns (infow) until the central flexure where the direction of the turns become "centrifugal" (outflow) and eventually spirals out to the distal loop.