Resp 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Type I alveolar cell

A

for gas exchange

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2
Q

Type II alveolar cell

A

surfactant cell

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3
Q

The pulmonary circulation has a ______ flow rate, and a _____ pressure circuit.

A

high, low

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4
Q

partial pressure

A

pressure exerted by one gas

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5
Q

Dalton’s law

A

the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressure exerted by each gas

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6
Q

Air moves from a region of ___ pressure to ___ pressure.

A

high, low

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7
Q

F=

A

deltaP/R (pressure difference between two points, and resistance)

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8
Q

pressures during inspiration

A

Palv < Patm

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9
Q

pressures during expiration

A

Palv > Patm

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10
Q

Boyle’s Law

A

P1V1=P2V2

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11
Q

ventilation =

A

breathing

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12
Q

define ventilation

A

bulk flow exchange of air between atmosphere and alveoli

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13
Q

How does a spirometer work?

A

When subject inhales, air moves into lungs and volume of bell decreases causing the pen to rise on tracing

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14
Q

tidal volume

A

~500ml; the normal volume of air displaced between normal inhalation and exhalation

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15
Q

inspiratory reserve volume

A

~3000mL; the additional air that could still be inspired

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16
Q

expiratory reserve volume

A

~1100mL; the volume of air that still remains within the lungs that can be expired

17
Q

residual volume

A

~1200mL; always in the lungs even with maximal expiratory effort

18
Q

Important functions of lung volumes

A
  • prevent airway collapse

- allows continuous exchange

19
Q

total lung capacity

A

sum of all 4 volumes

20
Q

functional residual capacity

A

sum of ERV and RV; capacity of air remaining after expiration

21
Q

inspiratory capacity

A

sum of IRV and TV; maximal amount of air than one can inspire

22
Q

vital capacity

A

sum of IRV, TV, and ERV; max achievable tidal volume

23
Q

FVC

A

forced vital capacity

24
Q

FEV1

A

forced expired volume in 1 second

25
pulmonary function test
Testing an individuals FVC and comparing it to their FEV1
26
During ventilation, air flows due to...
pressure gradients
27
60%-75% of inspiratory volume change is due to...
the diaphragm
28
Inspiration occurs when....
alveolar pressure decreases
29
How do we decrease alveolar pressure/inspire?
increasing alveolar volume with our inspiratory skeletal muscles
30
25%-40% of inspiratory volume change is due to..
movements of the rib cage
31
Expiration occurs when...
alveolar pressure increases