Repro 4 Flashcards
3 layers of the uterus
perimetrium, myometrium, and endometrium
fimbriae
ensure eggs released from the ovary enter fallopian tube
Fallopian tubes contain two layers of ________________ and is lined with ______ to moved eggs to uterus.
smooth muscle, cilia
T/F: the fallopian tubes are attached to ovaries
False; they are not physically attached, but are in very close proximity
ovary
produces eggs and hormones
2 components of ovaries
- thick outer cortex
- small central medulla (stroma)
Phases of the ovarial cycle
-follicular phase, ovulation, luteal phase
follicular phase
marked by follicular grown, 10 days to 3 weeks
ovulation
once one or more follicles have ripened, the ovary releases oocyte(s)
luteal phase
ruptured follicle transforms to corpus luteum
-secretes hormones, ceases to function after 2 weeks
How does a secondary follicle become tertiary?
development of an antrum
All follicles contain a primary oocyte until..
16-24 hours before ovulation
Phases of the uterine cycle
menses, proliferative phase, secretory phase
menses
beginning of follicular phase in ovary corresponds with menstrual bleeding from the uterus
proliferative phase
latter part of follicular phase, uterus adds new cells to endometrium layer in anticipation of pregnancy
secretory phase
after ovulation hormones from corpus luteum convert thickened endometrium into a secretory structure
During follicular phase, which hormone is dominant?
estrogen
During the luteal phase, which hormone is dominant?
progesterone
AMH prevents…
more follicle from developing
estrogen causes…
endometrium proliferation
Thecals cells produce ________ which diffuse into granulose cells
androgens
Androgens converted to _________ in granulosa cells
estrogens
Ovulation occurs…
16-24 hours after LH peak
LH is necessary for…
oocyte maturation
maure follicle secretes..
prostaglandins and proteolytic enzymes
proteolytic enzymes
breakdown collagen and connective tissue holding follicle together
prostaglandins
may contribute to rupture of follicle and/or ovary wall
Secondary oocyte is swept into fallopian tube by…
fimbriae
During early to mid-luteal phase, combined estrogen and progesterone…
shutoff FSH and LH
During late luteal phase, estrogen and progesterone…… Gonadotropins start……
- fall when corpus luteum dies
- follucular development for a new cycle
