GI 4

Question 1

Active transport of free H+ into the stomach lumen in exchange for K+ increases…

Answer 1

pH, drawing in H2O and CO2 in the cell

Question 2

What can inhibit acid secretion?

Answer 2

intestinal hormones

Question 3

Digestive enzyme secretion is stimulated by…

Answer 3

neural input and acid secretion

Question 4

ECL-Histamine

Answer 4

activates H2 receptors on parietal cells to stimulate HCl secretion

Question 5

parietal cell-intrinsic factor

Answer 5

forms a complex with vitamin B12 so it can be absorbed

Question 6

D cell-somatostatin

Answer 6

• negative feedback for acid secretion

- inhibits pepsinogen release

Question 7

Music secretion is stimulated by…

Answer 7

parasympathetic input and irritation

Question 8

HCO3- secretion stimulated by…

Answer 8

parasympathetic input and H+

Question 9

peptic ulcer

Answer 9

A sore or break in the lining of the stomach or duodenum

Question 10

What causes peptic ulcers and how can it be treated?

Answer 10

• caused by excessive acid production or bacteria

- treated with non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)

Question 11

Major cause of peptic ulcers?

Answer 11

bacteria

Question 12

What is the urea breath test

Answer 12

A test for diagnosing the presence of the ulcer-causing bacterium, H. pylori in the stomach.

Question 13

Describe intestinal phase

Answer 13

• food, fluids, and secretions enter small intestine
• segmental and peristaltic contractions mix chyme with enzymes and expose nutrients to mucosal epithelium for absorption

Question 14

What promotes motility?

Answer 14

parasympathetic innervation, gastrin, and cholecystokinin

Question 15

What inhibits motility?

Answer 15

Sympathetic innervation

Question 16

villi

Answer 16

increase surface area available for absorption and secrete mucus

Question 17

crypts

Answer 17

contain hormone and fluid secretory cells and stem cells (secrete ions and water)

Question 18

lacteals

Answer 18

tranport most fats to the lymph

Question 19

enterocytes

Answer 19

transport nutrients and ions

Question 20

Hepatic portal system

Answer 20

The liver contains a variety of enzymes that metabolize drugs and xenobiotics and clear them from blood stream before it can proceed to systemic circulation

Question 21

Intestinal secretions promote..

Answer 21

digestion

Question 22

Approximately ____L of secretions enter the lumen of the small intestine.

Answer 22

3.5L (along with 5.5L of food, fluid, and secretions)

Question 23

~ __L ABSORBED IN DUODENUM AND JEJUNUM

Answer 23

7.5L