Repro 3 Flashcards
environmental estrogens
- can bind and activate estrogen receptors
- some are anti-estrogen that interfere with second messenger pathways
testes
produce hormones and gametes
Which accessory glands contribute secretions to semen?
- seminal vesicle
- prostate gland
- bulbourethral gland
components? of the penis
-urethra, corpus spongiosum, corpora cavernosa, glans, prepuce (foreskin)
cryptorchidism
a condition in which one or both of the testes fail to descend from the abdomen to the scrotum
One of the most common form of cancer in men..
prostate cancer
benign prostatic hypertrophy
a problem in many men over 50
finasteride
5a-reductase inhibitor that blocks DHT production, shrinking hypertrophied prostate
seminiferous tubule
- site of sperm production
- 400-600 in testis, making up 80% of mass
- 0.3-1 meter long EACH damn
______________ with ________ and__________ lie between seminiferous tubules.
interstitial tissues, blood vessels, leading cells
_____ cells lie between stacks of spermatocytes
sertoli
leydig cells
found in interstitial tissue of seminiferous tubule and produce testosterone during development and again after puberty
sertoli cells
- contain tight junctions forming a blood-testis barrier between tubule lumen and interstitial space
- regulate sperm development
- provide sustenance or nourishment
- produce a variety of substances
Describe sperm production
spermatogonium reside inside basal lamina of seminiferous tubules
- some enter meiosis to become spermatocytes
- spermatocytes differentiate to sperm as they move toward tubule lumen
Spermatids remain embedded in apical membrane of sertoli cells while completing transformation and they…
- lose most of their cytoplasm
- develop flagellated tail
a sperm consists of..
a head with enzymes and DNA, a long tail, and mitochondria
Sperm mature in the..
epididymis
FSH during spermatogenesis
bind to receptors on sertoli cells,causing them to generate paracrine molecules needed for spermatogonia mitosis and spermatogenesis
-also produce ABP and inhibin
LH during spermatogenesis
targets interstitial leydig cells, resulting in production of testosterone
Accessory gland secretions that are mixed in with sperm to form semen include:
- nutrients
- buffers
- chemicals to increase sperm motility
- prostaglandins
- immunoglobulins, lysozyme, and other antibacterial compounds
primary sex characteristics
internal sex organs, external genitalia that differentiate male
secondary sex characteristics
facial/body hair growth, muscle, voice, behaviour
