Receptors and signal transduction I Flashcards
Main receptor classes?
Ionotropic, metabotropic, RTKs
Components of a tripartite synapse?
Pre n, post n, neighboring astrocytes and glial cells
Ionotropic receptor timescale and effector?
miliseconds, channel
Metabotropic receptor timescale and effector?
seconds, enzyme/channel
Kinase linked receptor timescale, and effector?
Minutes, enzyme (tyrosine kinase
Steroid/thyroid type receptor timescale, and effector?
hours, gene transcription
Nicotinic ACh receptor type?
Ionotropic receptor–> ligand-gated ion channels
What can the g proteins on metabotropic receptors do?
Regulate enzyme activity or channel opening
What can affect the role of a g protein on a metabotropic receptor?
Receptor subtype, receptor localisation, diff between diff g proteins as well
What type of receptor is the muscarinic ACh receptor?
Metabotropic
What type of receptor is the insulin receptor?
kinase linked receptor
What type of receptor is the oestrogen receptor?
steroid/thyroid type
How many transmembrane domains do GPCRs have?
7
Why are g proteins heterotrimeric?
They have an alpha, a beta and a gamma subunit
Which receptor do all neuropeptides act through?
GPCRs
What do a lot of RTKs do upon binding?
Dimerize
How many metabotropic receptor subtypes does glutamate have?
8
Classes of glutamate metabotropic receptor subtypes?
I, II, III
How are the glutamate metabotropic receptors classed?
The effector responses they couple to
GABAb g protein coupled receptors?
R1 and R2
How many subtypes of muscarinic ACh receptors is there?
5
Which receptor does dopamine exclusively act through?
Metabotropic–> 5 of them
What can phosphorylation be used for?
Regulating receptors, ion channels, driving transcription
Three main groups of ionotropic receptors?
Trimeric receptors, tetrameric receptors, pentameric subunits
Trimeric ionotropic receptor example?
Purioceprors–> typically for ATP
Tetrameric ionotropic receptor example?
Glutamate
Pentameric ionotropic receptor example?
Ach, GABA, Glycine, Serotonin
Structure of each tetrameric transmembrane domain?
3 transmembrane domains w/ a re-entrant loop
Structure of each pentameric transmembrane domain?
Four transmembrane domains each
Homomeric receptor?
A receptor with the same structure (e.g. pentameric w/ five of the same subunit)
Result of heteromeric receptors?
Gives a lot of diversity due to the amount of diff subunit combinations
