Neuroscience basics

Question 1

What is the central nervous system made up of?

Answer 1

Brain and spinal cord

Question 2

What is the peripheral nervous system made up of?

Answer 2

Cranial nerves and spinal nerves

Question 3

Role of the peripheral nervous system

Answer 3

To act as a connection between the wider body parts and organs, and the CNS

Question 4

What are the two main components that the peripheral nervous system is broken down into?

Answer 4

Autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system

Question 5

WHich out of the CNS or PNS only controls voluntary actions?

Answer 5

CNS

Question 6

Examples of things controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 6

Heart muscle, smooth muscle, glands

Question 7

Examples of things controlled by the somatic nervous system?

Answer 7

Voluntary skeletal muscle

Question 8

Two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 8

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 9

Role of parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 9

Calming down

Question 10

Role of sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 10

Alerting and increasing BP etc

Question 11

Main functions of the nervous system?

Answer 11

Sensory processing, motor coordination, cognitive functions

Question 12

What does the neural foundations refer to?

Answer 12

The neurons and networks that form the basis of how movement is initiated and coordinated

Question 13

What does motor systems refer to?

Answer 13

Parts of the brain involved in planning, controlling and securing voluntary movements

Question 14

What makes up the forebrain?

Answer 14

cerebral cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, amygdala and corpus callosum

Question 14

What makes up the hindbrain

Answer 14

Pons, cerebellum, medulla oblongata

Question 15

Role of cerebral cortex?

Answer 15

Higher cognitive function (thinking, decision making)

Question 16

What makes up the subcortical structures?

Answer 16

Thalamus, hypothalamus and amygdala

Question 17

Role of subcortical structures

Answer 17

Regulating essential functions like sleep, hormone balance and emotions

Question 18

Four lobes of the brain

Answer 18

Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital

Question 19

Role of frontal lobe?

Answer 19

coordinates two halves, memory and movement

Question 20

Role of parietal lobe?

Answer 20

Sensory functions, attention, mood and personality (somatosensory)

Question 21

Role of temporal lobe?

Answer 21

Auditory and vision, emotional response, memory and information (speech and hearing)

Question 22

Role of occipital lobe

Answer 22

Mainly vision processing

Question 23

Role of the hindbrain?

Answer 23

Regulates vital autonomic functions like heart rate, respiration and blood pressure

Question 24

Role of the cerebellum?

Answer 24

Motor control, coordination, balance and processing sensory info

Question 25

Role of pons

Answer 25

Communication between different areas of the brain. Also regulates sleep and arousal

Question 26

What is the brainstem made up of?

Answer 26

Midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata

Question 27

Role of brainstem?

Answer 27

autonomic regulation

Question 28

Types of motor function?

Answer 28

Gross and fine

Question 29

Gross motor function?

Answer 29

Involve large muscle groups for activities like walking, running and jumping

Question 30

Fine motor functions?

Answer 30

involve smaller muscles for precise tasks like writing and buttoning shirts