Anxiety and anxiolytics second half 2.0 Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

Treatments of anxiety disorders?

A

Beta blockers, benzodiasepines, antidepressants, buspirone

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3
Q

How do beta blockers work?

A

They block beta adrenergic receptors

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4
Q

What symptoms of anxiety do beta blockers target?

A

Autonomic systems

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5
Q

SSRI stands for?

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

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6
Q

What specific anxiety type could propranolol (beta blocker) treat?

A

Phobias

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7
Q

How is propranolol used to treat phobias?

A

Give patient drug then expose them to thing they’re scared of

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8
Q

What is propranolol thought to work on?

A

Hippocampus–> where -ve memories of the thing are removed (positive association forms instead of -ve association)

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9
Q

How does buspirone work?

A

It is a partial agonist at 5-HT1a receptors (turning up inhibition in those neurons)

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10
Q

How do SSRIs work?

A

Bind to reuptake transporters, thus boosting levels of serotonin in synapse

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11
Q

What is the preferred treatment for generalized anxiety disorder, PD and PTSD?

A

Combined noradrenaline and 5HT uptake blockers

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12
Q

WHat are some combined noradrenaline and 5HT uptake blockers?

A

venflaxine, duloxetine

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13
Q

What do benzodiazepines bind to?

A

GABAa receptors

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14
Q

Role of GABA?

A

Inhibitory NT

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15
Q

What can the binding of drugs to allosteric site on GABAa receptors do?

A

Turn up or down gating of CL- ions in the presence of GABA

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16
Q

What is an inverse agonist?

A

Something that binds and turns down the receptor

17
Q

What do benzodiazepine agonists do once bound to GABA?

A

Turn up the effects of endogenous GABA

18
Q

Where on the GABAa receptor do benzodiazepines bind?

A

Alpha gamma interface

19
Q

General structure of benzodiazapines?

A

Benzene ring joined to a 7 membered 1,4-diazepine ring (R 1 2 3 5 7 8 are side groups)

20
Q

What do the R side groups change ab benzodizepine?

A

Affinity, intrinsic efficacy, lipophilicity, water solubility

21
Q

Affinity meaning?

A

How likely something is to bind

22
Q

Intrinsic efficacy meaning?

A

The effect of smthn once bound

23
Q

What is the intrinsic efficacy of a BZ agonist?

A

+ve (100%)

24
Q

What is the intrinsic efficacy of BZ inverse agonists?

A

-ve

25
Q

What intrinsic efficacy to BZ antagonists have?

A

0

26
Q

What is the intrinsic efficacy of partial or full agonists?

A

near 100%

27
Q

What are full BZ agonists called?

A

Positive allosteric modulators

28
Q

What are full BZ agonists used for?

A

Anxiolytic

29
Q

What are inverse agonists used for?

A

Investigating GABA

30
Q

Effect of inverse agonists on Cl- flow through GABAa?

A

Less chloride flux through the channel so less inhibition

31
Q

Effect of alcohol on the CNS?

A

Depressant

32
Q

Effect of alcohol on GABA receptors?

A

Causes increase inhibition