Photorespiration Flashcards

1
Q

Photorespiration is due to the

A

Divergence from the Calvin Cycle due to RuBisCo picking up O2 instead of CO2

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2
Q

Photorespiration leads to the

A

Loss of an already fixed carbon into CO2

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3
Q

Why is photorespiration bad?

A

It wastes energy and decreases sugar synthesis

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4
Q

Photorespiration is caused by which situations?

A

More hot + dry

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5
Q

Photorespiration begins in the chloroplast when

A

RuBisCo attaches O2 to RuBP

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6
Q

What is the product when RuBisCo attaches O2 to RuBP?

A

3-PGA + phosphoglycolate

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7
Q

What part of the leaf allows for air to enter the cell and water vapors to leave?

A

Stomata

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8
Q

Photosynthetic process happens in the

A

Mesophyll

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9
Q

C4 Plants have evolved past photorespiration by

A

Fixing carbons in cells exposed to air and later pumping the 4C molecule in leaf not exposed to O2

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10
Q

First carbon fixation in C4 plants results in the formation of

A

A 4C molecule called Oxaloacetate

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11
Q

Oxaloacetate further gets converted into either

A

Malate or Aspartate, which will react to produce CO2 + PEP

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12
Q

PEP Carboxylase is an enzyme that can only fix

A

Carbon dioxide

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13
Q

Malate gets transferred into bundle-sheath cells via

A

Plasmodesmata

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14
Q

CAM Plants are

A

Desert plants, which keep stomata closed during the day

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15
Q

How do CAM plants photosynthesize?

A

By keeping stomata open at night, fixing CO2 at night

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16
Q

How can CAM plants photosynthesize in the daytime as well?

A

They use stored malate in vacuoles, which is pumped out into stroma