Bioenergetics

Question 1

A reaction with a large positive change in free energy is

Answer 1

Extremely unfavorable

Question 2

An unfavorable reaction has an equilibrium constant between

Answer 2

Zero and 1

Question 3

An endothermic reaction has a

Answer 3

Positive change in enthalpy, or +∆H

Question 4

How is the change in free energy for exergonic reactions?

Answer 4

Negative, -∆G

Question 5

A negative change in free energy (-∆G) represents a

Answer 5

Spontaneous reaction

Question 6

Spontaneous reactions have equilibrium constants that are

Answer 6

Greater than 1

Question 7

ATP hydrolysis refers to the reaction that

Answer 7

Cleaves the phosphoanhydride bond that results in a phosphate molecule and ADP as products

Question 8

ATP hydrolysis involves the hydrolysis of the

Answer 8

Phosphoanhydride bond linking the gamma phosphate to the beta phosphate

Question 9

A spontaneous reaction always

Answer 9

Decreases free energy ∆G of the system

Question 10

The standard reduction potential is a measure of the

Answer 10

Tendency of a chemical species to be reduced

Question 11

How many Pi are in ADP?

Answer 11

2

Question 12

How many Pi are in ATP?

Answer 12

1

Question 13

The free energy stored by ADP is

Answer 13

Positive and greater that the free energy stored by AMP

Question 14

One would expect ATP hydrolysis to be non-spontaneous when

Answer 14

ATP concentration is very far below equilibrium concentration and ADP concentration is very far above equilibrium concentration

Question 15

Spontaneous reactions have products that have a

Answer 15

Lower energy compared to reactants

Question 16

Cellular respiration is a redox reaction involving

Answer 16

Glucose and Oxygen

Question 17

The products of cellular respiration are

Answer 17

• Water
• CO2
• Heat

Question 18

Glucose is oxidized to what molecule during aerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 18

CO2

Question 19

Oxygen is reduced to what molecule during aerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 19

Water

Question 20

What is the ultimate source of electrons for aerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 20

Glucose

Question 21

What is the final electron acceptor in aerobic cellular respiration?

Answer 21

Oxygen

Question 22

Aerobic cellular respiration results in the transfer of electrons from

Answer 22

Glucose to Oxygen

Question 23

ΔG represents the difference of

Answer 23

Free energy between products and reactants

Question 24

A negative ΔG means that the

Answer 24

Products have less energy than reactants

Question 25

∆G is unaffected by

Answer 25

Catalysts

Question 26

Cellular respiration reactants have

Answer 26

High energy

Question 27

What kind of reaction is cellular respiration?

Answer 27

Exergonic

Question 28

Endergonic reactions have a

Answer 28

+∆G

Question 29

Exergonic reactions have a

Answer 29

-∆G

Question 30

If an antibiotic works properly, it will

Answer 30

Reduce enzymatic activities in bacteria

Question 31

What happens to the activation energy of certain bacteria’s chemical reactions if an antibiotic works properly?

Answer 31

The energy increases

Question 32

A competitive inhibitor has an affinity for

Answer 32

Enzyme active sites

Question 33

The absence of Oxygen in the ETC would reduce the

Answer 33

Overall free energy released

Question 34

What kind of reaction is the ETC overall?

Answer 34

Exergonic

Question 35

Muscle contraction depends on

Answer 35

Energy release for ATP breakdown

Question 36

ATP breakdown occurs via

Answer 36

Hydrolysis