Enzymes

Question 1

Enzymes are Biological Catalysts that create

Answer 1

Conditions that allow for faster biochemical reactions

Question 2

Carbonic Anhydrase is an enzyme found in the

Answer 2

Human blood and saliva

Question 3

What is the function of Carbonic Anhydrase?

Answer 3

Makes carbonic acid turn into CO2 and H2O quickly

Question 4

What are Catalytic strategies used by enzymes to catalyze reactions?

Answer 4

• Acid/Base Catalysis
• Covalent Catalysis
• Metal Ion Catalysis
• Catalysis by Approximation

Question 5

Acid/Base Catalysis is a strategy in which enzymes

Answer 5

Help move protons around

Question 6

Covalent Catalysis is a strategy in which enzymes

Answer 6

Form covalent bonds with other molecules and allow for electron transfer

Question 7

Metal Ion catalysis allows for enzymes to

Answer 7

Create a stabilizing charge

Question 8

Catalysis by Approximation allows for enzymes to

Answer 8

Force two molecules to collide in the correct orientation

Question 9

The TCA cycle is a series of

Answer 9

Different biochemical reactions in carbon metabolism

Question 10

What kind of energy is generally more stable?

Answer 10

Lower energy

Question 11

Enzymes work by

Answer 11

Lowering the AE, stabilizing the reaction

Question 12

The highest point on the graph is generally the

Answer 12

Transition state

Question 13

By reason the transition state is the highest point, it displays the most

Answer 13

Instability

Question 14

What is the Free Energy of Activation (Ea)?

Answer 14

The difference between energy level of where we start and transition state / free energy of activation

Question 15

The Free Energy of Activation (Ea) determines

Answer 15

How quickly a reaction will go

Question 16

What is the Standard Free Energy Change (Erxn)?

Answer 16

Difference in energy between beginning energy level and final energy level

Question 17

How does the energy state differ throughout a spontaneous reaction?

Answer 17

The products will have a lower state of energy compared to the reactants

Question 18

How is the AE of a catalyzed reaction?

Answer 18

Smaller / Lower

Question 19

How is the transition state of a catalyzed reaction?

Answer 19

Lower

Question 20

What are substrates?

Answer 20

Any molecules that enzymes will act on

Question 21

What is the function of substrates?

Answer 21

They turn into reactants within the reaction

Question 22

Enzymes have active sites which are locations where

Answer 22

Substrates bind

Question 23

Enzyme reactions happen at the

Answer 23

Active site

Question 24

What is significant about the active sites?

Answer 24

They are unique, only binding to certain substrates

Question 25

An induced fit is one in which

Answer 25

Both enzyme and substrate change shape in order to mold together

Question 26

What happens at the transition state of a reaction?

Answer 26

The bond between the substrate and enzyme is the tightest

Question 27

What happens when an enzyme reaction is completed?

Answer 27

The substrate is cut in half by the enzyme

Question 28

Allosteric Binding is when

Answer 28

Some enzymes are capable of binding to more than 1 substrate

Question 29

What is the function of an inhibitor?

Answer 29

It can bind enzyme at different location than enzyme’s active site

Question 30

Inhibitors are capable of changing the shape of an enzyme, which

Answer 30

Affects an enzyme’s ability to catalyze reactions

Question 31

What is an Allosteric site?

Answer 31

A site outside of the binding site

Question 32

Amylase is an enzyme which best works at

Answer 32

pH = 7

Question 33

Pepsin is an enzyme which breaks down

Answer 33

Proteins into peptides

Question 34

Pepsin is an enzyme which best works at

Answer 34

pH = 2