Central Dogma

Question 1

Reverse transcription is when

Answer 1

Information travels “backwards” from RNA to DNA

Question 2

Reverse transcriptase generates cDNA from a copy of

Answer 2

RNA template

Question 3

Retroviruses replicate via

Answer 3

Reverse transcriptase

Question 4

What happens once viruses reverse transcribe their RNA genome back into the DNA?

Answer 4

The genome is integrated + replicated into the host genome

Question 5

In RNA viruses, genetic material is stored as

Answer 5

RNA

Question 6

How do viruses use their genetic material?

Answer 6

The virus hosts use RNA of the replication machinery as mRNA and translate that into protein

Question 7

Noncoding RNA is a functional RNA molecule that can

Answer 7

Directly perform functions

Question 8

Epigenetics are

Answer 8

Heritable changes in gene activity

Question 9

What allows for DNA modification to show different phenotypes?

Answer 9

Epigenetics

Question 10

Epigenetics allows transcription of only

Answer 10

Certain genes of the genome

Question 11

Proteins are formed from the

Answer 11

Folding of polypeptide chains (which are formed by peptide bonds)

Question 12

Peptide Bonds are formed by the

Answer 12

Relationship between carboxyl group of one AA and Amino of another AA

Question 13

How are peptide bonds?

Answer 13

Rigid and planar bonds

Question 14

Peptide bonds are bonds that can experience

Answer 14

Resonance stabilization

Question 15

Peptide bonds can be broken via

Answer 15

Hydrolysis with the help of either strong acids or protease enzymes

Question 16

What is significant about peptide bond acid-catalyzed hydrolysis?

Answer 16

The strong acids are nonspecific, so all bonds will break in a given solution

Question 17

What is significant about peptide bond protease enzymes hydrolysis?

Answer 17

Proteolysis allows for the choosing of which bonds breaks