Endocrine System

Question 1

What receives hormonal signals from the hypothalamus?

Answer 1

The pituitary gland

Question 2

The primary role of the parathyroid gland is

Answer 2

To regulate serum calcium levels

Question 3

The clinical condition caused by autoantibodies against pancreatic cells is

Answer 3

Type I Diabetes

Question 4

Hormones secreted by the hypothalamus would be classified as

Answer 4

Paracrine

Question 5

Autocrine signaling refers to the

Answer 5

Organ secreting a hormone that acts on that same organ

Question 6

Intracrine signaling involves the act of

Answer 6

A cell secreting a hormone which acts upon the same cell

Question 7

Endocrine signaling involves the hormone

Answer 7

Traveling to a distant target

Question 8

What happens in paracrine signaling?

Answer 8

The hormone acts on a nearby, but different, organ

Question 9

ADH and oxytocin are synthesized in the

Answer 9

Hypothalamus

Question 10

The direct and tropic FLAT PEG hormones are synthesized by

Answer 10

Anterior pituitary

Question 11

Which type of hormones have faster onset and more transient effects?

Answer 11

Polypeptide hormones

Question 12

Which type of hormones are more likely to function via second messengers?

Answer 12

Polypeptide hormones

Question 13

Steroid hormones are

Answer 13

Lipophilic

Question 14

Where are the associated receptors of steroid hormones?

Answer 14

Intracellular

Question 15

Adenylate cyclase aids in conversion of

Answer 15

ATP to cAMP

Question 16

The biosynthesis of steroids begins with

Answer 16

Adding a pyrophosphate to a terpene

Question 17

Adrenal corticosteroids are

Answer 17

Mineralocorticoids

Question 18

Insulin lowers blood glucose concentration by

Answer 18

Increasing cell permeability to glucose and amino acids

Question 19

Glucagon has the opposite effects of

Answer 19

Insulin

Question 20

What does glucagon do?

Answer 20

It raises blood glucose levels

Question 21

Hormones that are derived from amino acids are

Answer 21

Hydrophilic

Question 22

Hormones derived from cholesterol are

Answer 22

Hydrophobic

Question 23

Which hormones typically bind to receptors located on the inside of a cell?

Answer 23

Steroid hormones

Question 24

Peptide/amine hormones enter the cell by

Answer 24

Binding to cell receptors on the surface

Question 25

Thyroid hormone is derived from

Answer 25

AA Tyrosine

Question 26

The thyroid hormone is

Answer 26

Lipid soluble

Question 27

What are the two hormones released by the posterior pituitary?

Answer 27

• ADH

- Oxytocin

Question 28

What is the function of ADH?

Answer 28

It causes the collecting duct of the kidney to become more permeable to water

Question 29

Which hormone increases basal metabolic rate in the body?

Answer 29

Thyroid hormone

Question 30

What is the function of PTH?

Answer 30

It stimulates bone resorption by osteoclasts to increase blood calcium levels

Question 31

What is the function of the thyroid hormone?

Answer 31

• Increases the basal metabolic rate
• Affects protein synthesis
• Helps regulate long bone growth

Question 32

What kind of function do growth factors and histamine have?

Answer 32

Paracrine function

Question 33

What are endocrine glands?

Answer 33

Ductless glands whose hormones end up in the blood stream

Question 34

Exocrine glands secrete

Answer 34

Produces into ducts