Neural Cells

Question 1

What are the types of Neural Cells?

Answer 1

• Neurons

- Glia

Question 2

What do neurons start as?

Answer 2

Neural stem cells in the CNS

Question 3

Neural stem cells in the CNS differentiate into

Answer 3

Neuroblasts

Question 4

Neurons receive

Answer 4

Excitatory or inhibitory input

Question 5

What are the types of Glia?

Answer 5

• Astrocytes
• Microglia
• Ependymal Cells
• Oligodendrocytes
• Schwann Cells

Question 6

Astrocytes are Glia cells of the

Answer 6

CNS

Question 7

Astrocytes have end-feet which function to

Answer 7

Plaster on blood vessels, preventing molecules from leaving blood

Question 8

Which Glia cells occupy a huge amount of space of CNS?

Answer 8

Astrocytes

Question 9

Which Glia cells provide structural support of the CNS?

Answer 9

Astrocytes

Question 10

Astrocytes perform Gliosis, which happens when

Answer 10

Cells proliferate, surround injury, and wall off the area of injury and form scar tissue

Question 11

Astrocytes engage in homeostasis by

Answer 11

Balancing the interstitial fluid for neurons to function

Question 12

How do Astrocytes keep the interstitial fluid stable?

Answer 12

They keep in and release ions

Question 13

Astrocytes release lactate into the interstitial fluid, which functions to

Answer 13

Supply neurons if there are no oxygen

Question 14

What clears out synapses between neurons?

Answer 14

Astrocytes

Question 15

Microglia are derived from

Answer 15

Circulating monocytes

Question 16

What are the types of Microglia?

Answer 16

• Resting

- Active

Question 17

What are Resting Microglia?

Answer 17

Small soma with multiple, long processes hanging in different directions

Question 18

What is the function of Resting Microglia?

Answer 18

They sit around the fluid and sample it.

Question 19

When do Resting Microglia convert into Active Microglia?

Answer 19

When they detect inflammation

Question 20

Active Microglia look like

Answer 20

Large blobs

Question 21

Active Microglia look and act like

Answer 21

Macrophages

Question 22

What do Active Microglia do to kill bacteria?

Answer 22

They secrete cytotoxic substances

Question 23

Microglia place debris on their cell surfaces for

Answer 23

Lymphocytes, acting as Antigen-Presentation

Question 24

Ependymal Cells are Glial Cells of the CNS that are lined with

Answer 24

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 25

Ependymal Cells have microvilli that face

Answer 25

CSF

Question 26

What is the function of the cilia of Ependymal Cells?

Answer 26

They move CSF around

Question 27

Ependymal Cells form a barrier between

Answer 27

Interstital fluid and CSF

Question 28

Oligodendrocytes are the Glia of the CNS that function to

Answer 28

Myelinate multiple axons

Question 29

Schwann Cells are Glia cells of the

Answer 29

PNS

Question 30

Unlike Oligodendrocytes, Schwann Cells are unable to

Answer 30

Myelinate multiple axons

Question 31

Glial cells in the CNS are derived from

Answer 31

Neural stem cells

Question 32

Glial cells in the PNS are derived from

Answer 32

Neural crest cells

Question 33

Information is fired down the axon when

Answer 33

Threshold potential is crossed

Question 34

What are Graded potentials?

Answer 34

Small and brief membrane potentials that are proportional to size and duration of input

Question 35

Action potentials are large in size and

Answer 35

• Travel quickly down in axon

- Have consistent size and duration

Question 36

Interneurons are

Answer 36

Neurons between neurons