Gene Control Flashcards
What is an operon?
A unit of DNA containing a cluster of genes under control of a promoter and a repressor
A protein that halts transcription is called a
Repressor
In a bacteria possessing the lac operon, what occurs when glucose is low and lactose is abundant?
Transport of lactose into the cell is enhanced
The lac operon contains genes necessary to
Enhance lactose metabolism
Cleavage of lactose is carried out by
Beta-galactosidase encoded for by lacZ
What is the function of allolactose?
It gives the repressor a conformational change, causing for the repressor to fall off the Lac
What happens when the repressor falls off?
Transcription is enabled
What does histone acetylation do?
Uncoils histones
What does histone deacetylation do?
Coils histones
What is the purpose of acetylation?
It determines the energy that proteins use during duplication and this determines the accuracy of copying the genes
Proteins that replicate DNA and repair damaged genetic material are created directly by
Acetylation
What is the purpose of CpG methylation?
It prevents the potential of cells becoming tumors
What does CpG methylation do to cell DNA?
It silences the DNA of cells that have completed the process of differentiation
What is the role of an activator?
Enhances interaction between RNA polymerase and the promoter
miRNA binds directly to
mRNA
