Genetic Mutations Flashcards
Mutations do not arise during
Translation or transcription
Mutations result from mistakes in a
Cell’s DNA, later affecting the protein level
Mutations can come from either
Inheritance or Spontaneously
Spontaneous errors can come from
- DNA replication errors
- Environmental factors
- Randomly
Translocation is a Large-Scale Mutation in which
Gene from one chromosome is swapped for a gene on another chromosome
Chromosomal Inversion is a Large-Scale Mutation in which
Two genes on same chromosome switch places
What are Endogenous Mutagens?
Reactive Oxygen Species
Reactive Oxygen Species are produced by the
Mitochondria during oxidative phosphorylation
What happens when Reactive Oxygen Species react with DNA?
The double helix breaks
Reactive Oxygen Species can cause
Base modifications
What are Exogenous Mutagens?
Intercalators + Carcinogen
Intercalators function by
Sticking itself into DNA strands