Genetic Mutations Flashcards

1
Q

Mutations do not arise during

A

Translation or transcription

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2
Q

Mutations result from mistakes in a

A

Cell’s DNA, later affecting the protein level

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3
Q

Mutations can come from either

A

Inheritance or Spontaneously

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4
Q

Spontaneous errors can come from

A
  • DNA replication errors
  • Environmental factors
  • Randomly
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5
Q

Translocation is a Large-Scale Mutation in which

A

Gene from one chromosome is swapped for a gene on another chromosome

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6
Q

Chromosomal Inversion is a Large-Scale Mutation in which

A

Two genes on same chromosome switch places

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7
Q

What are Endogenous Mutagens?

A

Reactive Oxygen Species

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8
Q

Reactive Oxygen Species are produced by the

A

Mitochondria during oxidative phosphorylation

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9
Q

What happens when Reactive Oxygen Species react with DNA?

A

The double helix breaks

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10
Q

Reactive Oxygen Species can cause

A

Base modifications

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11
Q

What are Exogenous Mutagens?

A

Intercalators + Carcinogen

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12
Q

Intercalators function by

A

Sticking itself into DNA strands

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