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Khan Academy > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

Which heart valves are not actively closed by the contraction of muscular structures?

A

Semilunar valves

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2
Q

The first heart sound, “Lub,” indicates the heart

A

Entering systole

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3
Q

Systole is typically defined as

A

Ventricular contraction

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4
Q

The first heart sound indicates the

A

Closure of both mitral and tricuspid valves

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5
Q

The second heart sound indicates the

A

Beginning of diastole

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6
Q

The second heart sound, “Dup,” is due to the

A

Closure of the semilunar valves

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7
Q

What phase is the heart in between the first and second heart sounds?

A

Systole

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8
Q

During systole, the heart pumps blood from the

A

Ventricles

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9
Q

Which valves are closed during systole?

A

Atrioventricular valves

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10
Q

The closure of the semilunar valves is the start of

A

Isovolumetric relaxation

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11
Q

At the instant following the second heart sound, all valves are

A

Closed

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12
Q

All blood vessels have a

A

Tunica intima

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13
Q

The tunica intima is made of

A

Endothelial cells

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14
Q

What is the cellular messenger that results in the contraction of smooth muscle?

A

Intracellular calcium

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15
Q

The tunica media is a

A

Muscular layer

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16
Q

How does the tunica media change blood pressure?

A

It can be contracted and relaxed

17
Q

Blood pressure is highest at the

A

Aorta

18
Q

What has lower pressure, capillaries or veins?

A

Veins / venules

19
Q

What layer of the heart would be most immediately susceptible to infections caused by bacteria circulating in the blood?

A

Endocardium

20
Q

What is the muscular portion of the heart?

A

Myocardium

21
Q

What is the pericardium?

A

A double walled sac which encloses the heart

22
Q

What is the function of the pericardium?

A
  • Structural support

- Lubrication

23
Q

The epicardium is where the

A

Pericardium contacts the heart wall at the myocardium

24
Q

What is the function of the endocardium?

A

It lines the inside of the heart

25
Q

The endocardium is in direct contact with

A

Circulating blood

26
Q

What vessel carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart?

A

Pulmonary artery

27
Q

What are the coronary arteries?

A

Vessels which supply the heart itself with oxygen and nutrients

28
Q

The pulmonary artery brings blood from the

A

Right ventricle of the heart to the lungs

29
Q

How can the circulatory system promote heat retention/conservation?

A

Vasoconstriction

30
Q

Vasodilation results from a

A

Decrease in smooth muscle contraction

Khan Academy (81 decks)

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