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Khan Academy > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

1
Q

The cell membrane is made of

A
  • Phospholipids
  • Cholesterol
  • Proteins
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2
Q

What is the structure of a Phospholipid?

A
  • Phosphate Head
  • Glycerol Backbone
  • Fatty Acid Tails
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3
Q

Describe the Phosphate Head?

A
  • Hydrophilic

- 4 oxygens attached to P group

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4
Q

Describe the Glycerol Backbone?

A
  • Holds the fatty acid tails to the phosphate head

- 3 carbons attached to 3 hydroxyls

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5
Q

Describe Fatty Acid Tails?

A
  • Hydrophobic

- Carboxylic acid attached to long carbon chain

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6
Q

Passive Diffusion through the cellular membrane is for

A

Small, nonpolar molecules

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7
Q

How many glycerols are found in each phospholipid?

A

1

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8
Q

What does cholesterol do in the cell membrane?

A

It sticks itself between phospholipids + maintains fluidity

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9
Q

What is the function of proteins in the cell membrane?

A

They act as receptors + help transport molecules in out of the cell

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10
Q

What are Integral / Trans proteins?

A

They cross the entire membrane

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11
Q

Fluidity of the cellular membrane can be influenced by

A
  • Temperature
  • Cholesterol
  • Fatty Acids
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12
Q

What happens to the cellular membrane in low temperature?

A

It gets more rigid

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13
Q

What happens to the cellular membrane in high temperature?

A

It is more fluid due to greater distance between the phospohilipids

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14
Q

What happens to the cellular membrane with low cholesterol?

A

It increases the fluidity of the membrane

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15
Q

What happens to the cellular membrane with high cholesterol?

A

It decreases fluidity

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16
Q

What happens to the cellular membrane with unsaturated fatty acids?

A

It increases the fluidity of the membrane

17
Q

What happens to the cellular membrane with saturated fatty acids?

A

It decreases fluidity

18
Q

Exocytosis is when the

A

Cell releases large molecules for the rest of the body

19
Q

What are steps of Exocytosis?

A
  • Proteins produced in the ER but into a vesicle
  • Vesicle merges with the GA
  • Vesicle buds off and connects to the plasma membrane

Khan Academy (81 decks)

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