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Khan Academy > Endocrine Control > Flashcards

Endocrine Control Flashcards

1
Q

The Hypothalamus is found in the

A

Forebrain

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2
Q

The Hypothalamus receives signals from the

A

PNS

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3
Q

The Hypothalamus funnels its signals into the

A

Pituitary gland

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4
Q

How does the Hypothalamus determine if we are hungry or not?

A

My reading the energy levels of the body

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5
Q

Insulin tells the hypothalamus that we are

A

Full

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6
Q

Glucagon tells the hypothalamus we are

A

Hungry

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7
Q

Increased lipid releases the hormone

A

Leptin

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8
Q

Leptin functions by

A

Inhibiting the feeling of hunger

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9
Q

Stomach has a hormone called Ghrelin that

A

Tells the hypothalamus it is hungry

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10
Q

The Pituitary Gland is located

A

Right below the hypothalamus

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11
Q

The Pituitary Gland controls

A

Other endocrine glands and hormonal response

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12
Q

The Hypothalamus reacts with the Anterior Pituitary via the

A

Hypophyseal portal system

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13
Q

The Hypothalamus reacts with the Posterior Pituitary via

A

Stimulation

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14
Q

Posterior Pituitary releases hypothalamus hormones like

A

ADH and Oxytocin

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15
Q

GnRH is a hypothalamus protein that travels to the

A

Anterior pituitary

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16
Q

GnRH stimulates for the Anterior to release

A
  • LH

- FSH

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17
Q

FSH and LH stimulate the gonads to release

A

Their hormones

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18
Q

CRH is a hormone from the hypothalamus that stimulates the Anterior’s release of

A

ACTH

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19
Q

ACTH travels to the

A

Adrenal glands

20
Q

TRH is a hormone from the hypothalamus that stimulates the Anterior’s release of

A

TSH, which stimulates the release of thyroid hormones

21
Q

GHRH is a hormone from the hypothalamus that stimulates the Pituitary’s release of

A

GH, which goes to the long bones and muscles

22
Q

What happens when PIF is not released from the hypthothalamus?

A

The posterior pituitary is signaled to release prolactin

23
Q

FLAT hormones of the anterior pituitary are

A

Tropic

24
Q

Tropic hormones are ones which

A

Stimulate other glands

25
Q

PEG hormones are

A

Direct hormones

26
Q

Hormone concentration in the blood is controlled via

A

Metabolism and excretion

27
Q

The liver metabolizes the hormones and turn them into

A

Bile

28
Q

Hormones can be removed by which organs?

A
  • Liver

- Kidney

29
Q

What are the three types of hormones?

A
  • Proteins + polypeptides
  • Steroids
  • Tyrosine Derivatives
30
Q

Proteins + polypeptide hormones are made of

A

Amino Acids

31
Q

Most of the hormones in the body are

A

Proteins + polypeptides

32
Q

Proteins + polypeptide hormones are made in the

A

Rough ER

33
Q

Proteins + polypeptide hormones are

A

Typically charged

34
Q

Proteins + polypeptide hormones function to initiate the

A

Cascade effect with secondary messengers in the inside of the cell

35
Q

Insulin is an example of a

A

Polypeptide hormone

36
Q

Steroid hormones are made of

A

Lipids / cholesterol

37
Q

Steroid hormones consist of

A

Ring structures

38
Q

Steroid hormones have receptors found in

A
  • Cytoplasm

- Nucleus

39
Q

Steroid hormones are able to function by

A

Affecting transcription and translation

40
Q

Cortisol and sex hormones are examples of

A

Steroid hormones

41
Q

Tyrosine Derivative hormones act like

A

Polypeptides or steroids

42
Q

T3 and T4 are derivative hormones that act as

A

Steroids

43
Q

Catecholamines are derivative hormones that act as

A

Polypeptide hormones by binding to outside of cells

44
Q

Secondary Messengers consist of a

A

Hormone binding to receptors on the cell

45
Q

Primary Messengers consist of

A

Steroids and Thyroid Hormones

46
Q

In primary messengers, the hormone does all the work by

A

Binding to receptor, directly affecting central dogma

Khan Academy (81 decks)

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