Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

The rhombencephalon is also known as the

A

Hindbrain

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2
Q

The hindbrain contains

A
  • Medulla
  • Pons
  • Cerebellum
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3
Q

Proximal movements are from the

A

Body, going in towards the center

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4
Q

Distal movements are

A

Away from the CNS, towards the body

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5
Q

Basic functions are associated with

A
  • Senses
  • Movement
  • Automatic function
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6
Q

The parasympathetic nerves originate in the

A

Brainstem or bottom of spinal cord

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7
Q

How are the axons of parasympathetic nerves when reaching other neurons?

A

Long

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8
Q

How are the axons of parasympathetic nerves when reaching target neurons?

A

Short

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9
Q

Sympathetic nerves originate in the

A

Center of the spinal cord

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10
Q

How are the axons of sympathetic nerves when reaching other neurons?

A

Short

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11
Q

How are the axons of sympathetic nerves when reaching target neurons?

A

Long

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12
Q

Extreme weakness and shrunken muscle is an example of

A

Atrophy

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13
Q

Atrophy is a sign of

A

Lower motor neuron dysfunction

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14
Q

Muscle spasticity is a feature of

A

Hypertonia

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15
Q

Hypertonia is the

A

Increased tone of skeletal muscle

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16
Q

Hypertonia is an indication of

A

Upper motor neuron

17
Q

The involuntary rhythmic contraction of antagonist muscles is known

18
Q

Clonus is an indication of

A

Upper motor neuron dysfunction

19
Q

Dopamine is released from the substantia nigra to the

20
Q

Dopamine is released from the hypothalamus to the

A

Pituitary gland

21
Q

The raphe nuclei releases

A

Serotonin to the cerebral cortex

22
Q

The parietal lobe is involved with

A

Sensation and perception

23
Q

The temporal lobe is involved with

A
  • Memory
  • Emotion
  • Hearing
  • Language
24
Q

Gangliosides are found on

A

Schwann Cells

25
What is the function of Ependymal cells?
They help form the barrier that holds in and produces CSF
26
What is the most common cell type in the brain?
Astrocyte
27
What are Oligodendrocytes?
Myelin sheaths that wrap around nerve axons to help speed conduction
28
The majority of the nervous system arises from
- Ectoderm | - Neural Crest Cells
29
Microglia arise from
Monocytes
30
The immune system arises from the
Mesoderm
31
What are Microglia?
The macrophages, or phagocytes, of the central nervous system
32
Unipolar neurons are found in humans during
Fetal development
33
Astrocytes are found in
Areas of brain scarring
34
Astrocytes are involved in
Strengthening the blood brain barrier
35
A local nerve block functions to
Block sensation but does not affect movement