Pharm 4 Flashcards
GnRH agonist used for infertility - pulsatile usage
Different types of CA - steady usage
Leuprolide
GnRH antagonist with more immediate effects, used for infertility
Ganirelix
T3 compound less widely used
Cytomel
Anti-thyroid drugs
Thioamides, iodides, radioactive iodine, and ipodate
Thioamide agents used in hyperthyroidism
Methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)
Can be effective for short term therapy of thyroid storm, but after several weeks of therapy causes an exacerbation of hyperthyroidism
Iodide salts
Permanently cures thyrotoxicosis, patients will need thyroid replacement therapy thereafter. Contraindicated in pregnancy
Radioactive iodine
Radio contrast media that inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3
Ipodate
Block cardiac adverse effects of thyrotoxicosis such as tachycardia, inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3
Beta-blockers such as propranolol
3 zones of adrenal cortex and their products
“GFR”
Glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids)
Fasciculata (glucocorticoid=GC)
Reticularis (adrenal androgens)
Pneumonic for 3 zones of adrenal cortex
GFR
Used for Addison’s disease, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), inflammation, allergies, and asthma (as a local inhalation)
Glucocorticoids
Short acting GC’s
Cortisone and hydrocortisone (equivalent to cortisol)
Intermediate acting GC’s
Prednisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, and triamcinolone
Long acting GC’s
Betamethasone, dexamethasone, and paramethasone
Mineralocorticoids
Fludrocortisone and deoxycorticosterone
Period of time of therapy after which GC therapy will need to be tapered
5-7 days
Used for Cushing’s syndrome (increased corticosteroid) and sometimes for adrenal function test
Metyrapone
Inhibits conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone therefore inhibiting corticosteroid synthesis
Aminoglutethimide
Antifungal agent used for inhibition of all gonadal and adrenal steroids
Ketoconazole
Antiprogestin used as potent antagonist of GC receptor
Mifepristone
Slightly increased risk of breast cancer, endometrial cancer, heart disease (questionable), has beneficial effects on bone loss
Estrogen
Antiestrogen drugs used for fertility and breast cancer respectively
Clomiphene and tamoxifen
Common SE of tamoxifen and raloxifene
Hot flashes
Estrogen mostly used in oral contraceptives (OC)
Ethinyl estradiol and mestranol
Anti-progesterone used as abortifacient
Mifepristone (RU-486)
Constant low dose of estrogen and increasing dose of progestin for 21 days (last 5 days are sugar pills or iron prep)
Combination oral contraceptives (OC)
Oral contraceptive available in a transdermal patch
Ortho-Evra
5 alpha-reductase inhibitor used for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and male pattern baldness
Finasteride (Proscar and Propecia respectively)
Anabolic steroid that has potential for abuse
Nandrolone and stanozolol
