Pharm 1 Flashcards
Relates the amount of drug in the body to the plasma concentration
Volume of distribution (VD)
Plasma concentration of a drug at a given time
Cp
The ratio of the rate of elimination of a drug to its plasma concentration
Clearance (CL)
The elimination of drug that occurs before it reaches the systemic circulation
First pass effect
The fraction of administered dose of a drug that reaches systemic circulation
Bioavailability (F)
When the rate of drug input equals the rate of drug elimination
Steady state
Different steps of Phase I
Hydrolysis, oxidation, reduction
That 1 is a HOR
Products of Phase II conjugation
Glucuronate, acetic acid, and glutathione sulfate
GAS - glucuronidation, acetylation, sulfation
Constant percentage of substrate metabolized per unit time
First order kinetics
Drug elimination with a constant amount metabolized regardless of drug concentration
Zero order kinetics
Target plasma concentration x (volume of distribution / bioavailability)
Loading dose (Cp*(Vd/F))
Concentration in the plasma x (clearance / bioavailability)
Maintenance dose (Cp*(CL/F))
Strength of interaction between drug and its receptor
Affinity
Selectivity of a drug for its receptor
Specificity
Amount of drug necessary to elicit a biologic effect
Potency
Ability of a drug to produce 100% of the maximum response regardless of the potency
Full agonist
Ability to produce less than 100% of the response
Partial agonist
Ability to bind reversibly to the same site as the drug and without activating the effector system
Competitive antagonist
Ability to bind to either the same or different site as the drug
Noncompetitive antagonist
MOA utilizes ligand gated ion channels
Benzodiazepines and calcium channel blockers
Median effective dose required for an effect in 50% of the population
ED50
Median toxic dose required for a toxic effect in 50% of the population
TD50
Window between therapeutic effect and toxic effect
Therapeutic index
Drug with a high margin of safety
High therapeutic index
