Pharm 19 Flashcards
SE of HMG COA reductase inhibitors
Rhabdomyolysis and Hepatotoxicity
Cutaneous flush due to niacin can be reduced by pretreatment with
Aspirin
Most common SE of fibrates
Nausea
Fibrates are contraindicated in
Pregnancy
Concurrent use of fibrates and statins increases risk of
Rhabdomyolysis
Class of drugs that works by inhibiting absorption of intestinal cholesterol and can be given concurrently with the Statins
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
MOA of NSAIDS
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting cyclo-oxygenase (cox)
Difference between aspirin and other NSAIDS
Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase
Four main actions of NSAIDS
Anti-inflammatory, analgesia, antipyretic and antiplatelet activity
Aspirin is contraindicated in children with viral infection
Potential for development of Reye’s syndrome
SE of salicylates
Tinnitus, GI bleeding
NSAID also available as an ophthalmic preparation
Diclofenac
NSAID available orally, IM and ophthalmically
Ketoralac
NSAID that is used for acute condition, such as pre-op anesthesia and has limited duration (<5 days) of use due to nephrotoxicity
Ketoralac
Newer NSAIDs that selectively inhibit COX-2
Celecoxib and rofecoxib
COX 2 inhibitors may have reduced risk of
Gastric ulcers and GI Bleeding
COX 2 inhibitors should be used cautiously in pts with
Pre-existing cardiac or renal disease
SE of acetaminophen
Hepatotoxicity
MOA of gold salts
Alter activity of macrophages and suppress phagocytic activity of PMNs
SE of gold salts
Dermatitis of the mouth aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis
Causes bone marrow suppression
Methotrexate
SE of penicillamine
Aplastic anemia and renal
Interferes with activity of T-lymphocytes
Hydroxychloroquine
Anti-malarial drug used in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
Hydroxychloroquine
SE of hydroxychloroquine
Retinal destruction and dermatitis
MOA of Leflunomide (newer agent)
Inhibiting Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase which leads to decreased pyrimidine synthesis
Proteins that prevent action of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)
Infliximab and etanercept
Anti-rheumatic agent also used for ulcerative colitis
Sulfasalazine
NSAID contraindicated in gout
Aspirin
MOA of Colchicine (used in acute gout)
Selective inhibitor of microtubule assembly
SE of colchicine
Kidney and liver toxicity
Agent used to treat chronic gout by increasing uric acid excretion
Probenecid causes urinary excretion of uric acid and lowers serum urate concentrations
