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Step 1 > Most Commons 6 > Flashcards

Most Commons 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Addisons

A

Autoimmune (2nd infection)

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2
Q

AMI - children

A

Kawasaki disease

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3
Q

Aneurysm

A

Abdominal aorta

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4
Q

Aneurysm of Circle of Willis

A

Anterior communicating a. –> bitemporal hemianopsia

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5
Q

AV fistula

A

Penetrating knife wound.

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6
Q

Blindness

A

Diabetic retinopathy

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7
Q

Blindness - preventable

A

Chlamydia

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8
Q

Breast Mass

A

Fibrocystic Change Carcinoma is the most common is post-menopausal women

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9
Q

Bug in Acute Endocarditis

A

Staph aureus

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10
Q

Bug in Bacterial Arthritis in young Adults

A

Neisseria ghonorrhea

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11
Q

Bug in Bacterial Meningitis - elderly

A

Strep pneumoniae

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12
Q

Bug in Bacterial Meningitis - newborns

A

E. coli

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13
Q

Bug in Bacterial Meningitis - toddlers

A

Hib

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14
Q

Bug in Bacterial Meningitis - young adults

A

Neisseria meningitidis

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15
Q

Bug in debilitated, hospitalized pneumonia pt

A

Klebsiella

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16
Q

Bug in Epiglottitis

A

Hib

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17
Q

Bug in food poisoning

A

Staph aureus

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18
Q

Bug in GI Tract

A

Bacteroides, E. coli

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19
Q

Bug in IV drug user bacteremia / pneumonia

A

Staph aureus

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20
Q

Bug in opportunistic infection of AIDS

A

CMV Pneumocystis carinii is most common overall

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21
Q

Bug in PID

A

N. Gonnorrhoeae or Chlamydia

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22
Q

Bug in Pneumonia - Community - typical

A

Strep pneumoniae, H. influenza, Klebsiella

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23
Q

Bug in Pneumonia - Hospital aquired

A

Klebsiella, Psuedomonas, E. coli

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24
Q

Bug in Pneumonia - Community - atypical

A

Mycoplasma, Legionella

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25
Q

Bug in Subacute Endocarditis

A

Strep Viridans

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26
Q

Cancer - Leukemia - <14 yo

A

ALL

27
Q

Cancer - Leukemia - >60 yo

A

CLL

28
Q

Cancer - Leukemia - 15-39yo

A

AML

29
Q

Cancer - Leukemia - 40-60 yo

A

CML

30
Q

Cancer in Gynecologic - malignancy

A

Endometrial Carcinoma

31
Q

Cancer in Infancy

A

Hemangioma

32
Q

Cancer in Kids

A

Leukemia, Medulloblastoma of brain, cerebellum

33
Q

Cancer in Men

A

Prostate CA

34
Q

Cancer in Women

A

Leiomyoma aka fibroids

35
Q

Cancer in Women - malignant

A

Breast CA

36
Q

Cancer of the Adrenal Medulla - adults

A

Pheochromocytoma

37
Q

Cancer of the Adrenal Medulla - kids

A

Neuroblastoma

38
Q

Cancer of the Appendix Carcinoid - rare

A

Metastasis

39
Q

Cancer of the Bone

A

Metasteses from Breast and Prostate

40
Q

Cancer of the Bone - primary - adults

A

Multiple Myeloma

41
Q

Cancer of the Brain - Child

A

Medulloblastoma (cerebellum)

42
Q

Cancer of the Brain - Adult

A

Astrocytoma (including Glioblastoma Multiforme) then mets, meningioma, Schwannoma

43
Q

Cancer of the Breast

A

Infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma

44
Q

Cancer of the Connective Tissue - benign

A

Lipoma

45
Q

Cancer of the Esophagus

A

Leiomyoma

46
Q

Cancer of the Esophagus

A

SCCA

47
Q

Cancer of the Esophagus - malignant

A

SCC > adenocarcinoma

48
Q

Cancer of the Heart - adults

A

Metasteses

49
Q

Cancer of the Heart - Primary - adults

A

Myxoma - Ball Valve

  • scattered cells w/ mucopolysaccharide stroma
50
Q

Cancer of the Heart - Primary - kids

A

Rhabdomyoma

51
Q

Cause of death post-MI or in SCD

A

V-Fib

52
Q

Cancer of the liver - benign

A

Cavernous hemangioma

  • Cystic blood filled spaces
  • Bx –> fatal hemorrhage
53
Q

Cancer of the liver that regresses w/ discontinued use of OCPs

A

Hepatic adenoma

54
Q

Cancer of the kidney

A

Renal cell carcinoma - clear cell

  • sheets/rows of cuboidal cells w/ clear center (looks almost like adipose)
55
Q

Renal vascular injury

A

HTN nephrosclerosis

  • intimal fibroplasia, arteriolar hyalinization, fibrosis (looks like a shrunken onion of a glomerulus)
56
Q

Tumor of the appendix

A

Carcinoid

Tx = octreotide

57
Q

Pancreatic cancer risks

A

Smoking

Obesity

58
Q

Renal cancer risks

A

Smoking
Obesity
HTN

59
Q

Gastric cancer risks

A

Nitrates
etOH, smoking
H. pylori.

60
Q

Bladder cancer risks

A

Smoking
Occupational - runner, dyes, leather, textiles
Schistosoma

61
Q

Liver cancer risks

A 
HBV
HCV
Cirrhosis
Hemochromatosis
Aflatoxin
62
Q

Breast cancer risks

A

Early menarche
Late menopause
Nulliparity
BRCA mutations

63
Q

Colorectal cancer risks

A

HNPCC
IBD
Obesity
Charred & fried foods

64
Q

Prostate cancer risks

A

Inc age

African American

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